作者：Kleven, Henrik; Landais, Camille; Sogaard, Jakob Egholt
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Copenhagen
摘要：Using Danish administrative data, we study the impacts of children on gender inequality in the labor market. The arrival of children creates a long-run gender gap in earnings of around 20 percent driven by hours worked, participation, and wage rates. We identify mechanisms driving these child penalties in terms of occupation, sector, and firm choices. We find that the fraction of gender inequality caused by child penalties has featured a dramatic increase over the last three to four decades. F...
作者：Harmon, Nikolaj; Fisman, Raymond; Kamenica, Emir
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Boston University; University of Chicago
摘要：We exploit seating rules in the European Parliament to identify peer effects in legislative voting. Sitting adjacently leads to a 7 percent reduction in the overall likelihood that two members of the European Parliament (MEPs) from the same party differ in their vote. Peer effects are markedly stronger among pairs of women, MEP pairs from the same country, and in close votes. Using variation in seating across the parliament's two venues (Brussels and Strasbourg), we show that peer effects are ...
