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作者：Akesaka, Mika; Eibich, Peter; Hanaoka, Chie; Shigeoka, Hitoshi
作者单位：Kobe University; Max Planck Society; Toyo University; University of Tokyo; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The poor live paycheck to paycheck and are repeatedly exposed to strong cyclical income fluctuations. We investigate whether such income fluctuations affect their risk preference. If risk preference temporarily changes around payday, optimal decisions made before payday may no longer be optimal afterward, which could reinforce poverty. By exploiting social security payday cycles in the United States, we find that the poor relying heavily on social security become more risk tolerant before payd...
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作者：Ajzenman, Nicolas; Dominguez, Patricio; Undurraga, Raimundo
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Universidad de Chile
摘要：This paper studies the effects of immigration on crime and crime per-ceptions in Chile, where the foreign-born population tripled in less than ten years. We document null effects of immigration on crime but positive and significant effects on crime-related concerns and on pre-ventive behavioral responses, such as investing in home security. We explore several channels and provide suggestive evidence related to low-versus high-education immigrants, ethnicity-related intergroup threats, and the ...
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作者：Lafortune, Jeanne; Low, Corinne
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Marriage rates have become increasingly stratified by homeown-ership. We investigate this in a household model where invest-ments in public goods reduce future earnings and, thus, divorce risk creates inefficiencies. Access to a joint savings technology, like a house, collateralizes marriage, providing insurance to the low-er-earning partner and increasing specialization, public goods, and value from marriage. We use idiosyncratic variation in hous-ing prices to show that homeownership access ...
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作者：Johnson, Matthew S.; Levine, David I.; Toffel, Michael W.
作者单位：Duke University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University
摘要：We study how a regulator can best target inspections. Our case study is a US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) pro-gram that randomly allocated some inspections. On average, each inspection led to 2.4 (9 percent) fewer serious injuries over the next 5 years. Using new machine learning methods, we find that OSHA could have averted as much as twice as many injuries by targeting inspections to workplaces with the highest expected averted injuries and nearly as many by targeting...
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作者：Bellemare, Charles; Gousse, Marion; Lacroix, Guy; Marchand, Steeve
作者单位：Laval University; Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information (ENSAI); Laval University; University of Melbourne
摘要：We sent fictitious applications to firms advertising job openings. We find that revealing a disability decreases callback rates by 25 percent-age points. This result is not explained by accessibility constraints or lower productivity due to disability. We find that including a video resume of a well-spoken applicant significantly increases callbacks by 10 percentage points for persons with and without disabilities, suggesting that discrimination is unaffected by quality signals in our context....
