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作者：Fabregas, Raissa; Kremer, Michael; Lowes, Matthew; On, Robert; Zane, Giulia
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; CGIAR; International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
摘要：While some studies suggest mobile phone-based information programs change behavior; others find no effect. We evaluate six text message agricultural extension programs, collectively covering 128,000 farmers. A meta-analysis finds a 1.22-fold increase in the odds of adoption of recommended practices ( 95 percent CI: 1.16, 1.29). We cannot reject similar impacts across experiments. Impacts are increased by message repetition, but not by providing more granular information, using behavioral frami...
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作者：Harju, Jarkko; Jager, Simon; Schoefer, Benjamin
作者单位：Tampere University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We estimate the effects of worker voice on productivity, job quality, and separations. We study the 1991 introduction of a right to worker representation on boards or advisory councils in Finnish firms with at least 150 employees, designed to facilitate workforce-management communication. Consistent with information-sharing theories, our difference-in-differences design reveals that worker voice raised labor productivity. In contrast to exit-voice theory, we find no effects on voluntary job se...
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作者：Card, David; Rothstein, Jesse; Yi, Moises
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use linked employer-employee data to study the causal effects of location on earnings in the United States. We estimate a model with employer and employee effects, then aggregate to the commuting zone ( CZ ) level. Sorting across firms biases traditional movers designs. Our model accurately predicts earnings changes for CZ movers after accounting for firm sorting. Worker skills explain half of observed earnings differences across CZs; observable characteristics understate this. Industry com...
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作者：Stephens, Melvin, Jr.; Toohey, Desmond
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
摘要：Prior research finds food expenditure decreases at retirement, which suggests households are inadequately saving. In contrast, other evidence shows that direct measures of food intake are unaffected by exiting the labor force. Using a wide array of data sources and methodologies, we find that food intake falls at retirement, including: declines in caloric and nutrient intake in cross-sectional datasets spanning 40 years, a decrease in caloric intake using longitudinal data, and a drop in a foo...
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作者：Khanna, Gaurav; Liang, Wenquan; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq; Song, Ran
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Tongji University; Jinan University; Deakin University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National University of Singapore
摘要：We quantify how pollution affects aggregate productivity and welfare in spatial equilibrium. We show that skilled workers in China emigrate away from polluted cities. These patterns are evident under various empirical specifications, such as when instrumenting for pollution using upwind power plants, or thermal inversions. Pollution changes the spatial distribution of skilled and unskilled workers, and wage returns by location. We quantify the loss in aggregate productivity due to this re-sort...
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作者：Renee, Laetitia
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：This paper studies the effects of a randomized control trial in which Canadian high school students were randomly invited to participate in a career guidance program during high school and/or made eligible for extra financial aid conditional on college enrollment. I use administrative records to examine the effects of the interventions on college enrollment, graduation, and income up to age 29. The guidance intervention increased students' four-year college enrollment and graduation rates and ...
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作者：Giaccobasso, Matias; Nathan, Brad; Perez-Truglia, Ricardo; Zentner, Alejandro
作者单位：VATT Institute for Economic Research; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
摘要：Do perceptions about government spending affect willingness to pay taxes? We test this hypothesis with a natural field experiment that focuses on the allocation of property taxes to public schools. Our results show that taxpayers often misperceive the destination of their tax dollars. By introducing shocks to households' perceptions via an information-provision experiment, we find that perceptions of how tax dollars are used significantly affect the probability of filing a tax appeal. Moreover...
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作者：Jaevervall, Sebastian; Khoban, Roza
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); University of Zurich
摘要：Political distortions are prevalent in many developing countries, implying substantial productivity losses. This paper investigates the impact of trade liberalization on political distortions in India. First, using variation in political turnover, we identify that politicians distort resources in favor of politically connected firms. Second, we show that reduced tariffs on input goods significantly decrease the distortionary effect of political connections, as trade reduces firms' dependence o...
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作者：Persson, Petra; Qiu, Xinyao; Rossin-Slater, Maya
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Stanford University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：The health care system uses patient family medical history in many settings, and this practice is widely believed to improve the efficiency of health care allocation. This paper provides a counterpoint by documenting that reliance on hereditary information can amplify the misallocation of low-value care. We study Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and show that reliance on family medical history generates a snowball effect-the propagation of an original marginal diagnosis to a patient's ...
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作者：Cunningham, Jamein; Goodman-bacon, Andrew
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis
摘要：This paper evaluates the effects of the War on Poverty's legal services program ( LSP ) , which provided subsidized legal assistance to poor communities, focusing on divorce and welfare access. We use a difference-in-difference ( DiD ) research design based on the program's rollout from 1965 to 1975. We find temporary increases in the rate of new divorces and persistent increases in welfare participation, consistent with LSP activities. We find increases in nonmarital birth rates that stem fro...
