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作者：Lalive, Rafael; van Ours, Jan C.; Zweimueller, Josef
作者单位：University of Zurich; Tilburg University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This article evaluates the effects of Swiss active labour market programmes on the job chances of unemployed workers. The main innovation is a comparison of two important dynamic evaluation estimators: the 'matching' estimator and the 'timing-of-events' estimator. We find that both estimators generate different treatment effects. According to the matching estimator temporary subsidised jobs shorten unemployment duration whereas training programmes and employment programmes do not. In contrast,...
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作者：Delfgaauw, Josse; Dur, Robert
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Civil servants have a reputation for being lazy. However, people's personal experiences with civil servants frequently run counter to this stereotype. We develop a model of an economy in which workers differ in laziness and in public service motivation, and characterise optimal incentive contracts for public sector workers under different informational assumptions. When civil servants' effort is unverifiable, lazy workers find working in the public sector highly attractive and may crowd out de...
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作者：Dolan, Paul; Kahneman, Daniel
作者单位：Imperial College London; Princeton University
摘要：The term 'utility' can be interpreted in terms of the hedonic experience of an outcome (experienced utility) or in terms of the preference or desire for that outcome (decision utility). It is this second interpretation that lies at the heart of the methods that economists have developed to value non-market goods, such as health. In this article, we argue that decision utility is unlikely to generate meaningful data on the utility associated with different experiences, and instead economists sh...
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作者：Shupp, Robert S.; Williams, Arlington W.
作者单位：Michigan State University; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：This research compares lottery valuation decisions made by individuals with similar decisions made by small groups. There is an extensive social psychology literature addressing group versus individual decision making but few studies explore this issue in economic contexts with cash rewards. Willingness-to-pay data elicited from independent samples of individuals and three-person groups in a repeated-measures experimental design reveal that: the variance of risk preferences is generally smalle...
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作者：Propper, Carol; Burgess, Simon; Gossage, Denise
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Bristol; University of Bristol; University of Oxford
摘要：This article exploits policy change by the UK government to identify the impact of competition on quality. It uses differences in competition over time and space to examine the impact of competition in an environment with limited quality signals in which hospitals competed mainly on price. Using AMI mortality as a measure of hospital quality we find that the relationship between competition and this measure of quality is negative. We also find that competition reduced waiting times. Our result...
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作者：Carpenter, Jeffrey; Holmes, Jessica; Matthews, Peter Hans
作者单位：Middlebury College
摘要：Auctions are a popular way to raise money for charities, but relatively little is known, either theoretically or empirically, about the properties of charity auctions. We conduct field experiments to see which sealed bid format, first price, second price or all-pay, raises the most money. Our experiment suggests that both the all-pay and second price formats are dominated by the first price auction. Our design also allows us to identify differential participation as the source of the differenc...
