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作者：Karabarbounis, Loukas
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This article revisits the relationship between inequality and redistribution in a panel of advanced OECD countries. Using panel data methods that hold constant a variety of determinants of redistributive spending, I find a non-monotonic relationship between pre-tax-and-transfer distribution of income and redistribution. Relative to mean income, a more affluent rich and middle class are associated with less redistribution and a richer poor class is associated with more redistribution. These res...
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作者：Wolff, Hendrik; Chong, Howard; Auffhammer, Maximilian
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We measure and examine data error in health, education and income statistics used to construct the Human Development Index. We identify three sources of data error which are due to data updating; formula revisions; and thresholds to classify a country's development status. We propose a simple statistical framework to calculate country specific measures of data uncertainty and investigate how data error biases rank assignments. We find that up to 34% of countries are misclassified and, by repli...
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作者：Haan, Marco A.; Moraga-Gonzalez, Jose L.
作者单位：University of Groningen; ICREA; University of Navarra; IESE Business School
摘要：We model the idea that when consumers search for products, they first visit the firm whose advertising is most salient. The gains a firm derives from being visited early increase in search costs, so equilibrium advertising increases as search costs rise. As a result, higher search costs may decrease both consumer welfare and firm profits. We extend the basic model by allowing for firm heterogeneity in advertising costs. Firms that raise attention more easily advertise more but also charge lowe...
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作者：Davies, James B.; Sandstroem, Susanna; Shorrocks, Anthony; Wolff, Edward N.
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：The level of average household wealth in all countries is estimated via the determinants of assets and debts for 39 countries which have balance sheet or survey data. The distribution of wealth in all countries is inferred from information on the pattern of wealth ownership for 20 countries (covering 59% of world population). Combining the level and distribution figures suggests that median global wealth was PPP$8,635 in the year 2000, and that PPP$518,361 was needed to belong to the top perce...
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作者：Armstrong, Mark; Zhou, Jidong
作者单位：University of Oxford; New York University
摘要：We investigate how firms can become prominent and thereby influence the order in which consumers consider options. First, firms can affect sales efforts by means of commission payments, in which case the salesman steers consumers towards expensive products. Second, sellers can advertise prices on a price comparison website, so that consumers investigate the suitability of products in order of increasing price. Here, prices are lower when search costs are higher. Finally, consumers might first ...
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作者：Eugster, Beatrix; Lalive, Rafael; Steinhauer, Andreas; Zweimueller, Josef
作者单位：University of Lausanne; University of Lausanne; University of Zurich
摘要：Does culture shape the demand for social insurance against risks to health and work? We study this issue across language groups in Switzerland where a language border sharply separates social groups at identical actual levels of publicly provided social insurance. We find substantially stronger support for expansions of social insurance among residents of French, Italian or Romansh-speaking language border municipalities compared with their German-speaking neighbours in adjacent municipalities...
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作者：Laroque, Guy
作者单位：University of London; University College London
摘要：In a stationary life-cycle model with extensive labour supply, two forms of taxation are studied: non-linear income taxation and linear wealth taxation. In the life-cycle model, the social weights of the dynasties depend on their permanent incomes, not on the observed taxable current income. A tax on wealth then can complement income tax as a redistributive tool. The derivative of social welfare with respect to the wealth tax rate at the no-tax point is computed. It is positive whenever perman...
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作者：Kilian, Lutz; Lewis, Logan T.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：A common view in the literature is that systematic monetary policy responses to the inflation caused by oil price shocks have been an important source of aggregate fluctuations in the US economy. Earlier empirical evidence in support of such a link was based on inappropriate econometric models. We show that there is no credible evidence that monetary policy responses to oil price shocks caused large aggregate fluctuations in the 1970s and 1980s or more recently. Our analysis suggests that the ...
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作者：Beetsma, Roel; Giuliodori, Massimo
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; University of Amsterdam
摘要：In this article, we review the theoretical consequences of government purchases shocks for both closed and open economies, followed by a discussion of the empirical literature. Next, we provide our own estimates for the EU countries. We find that an increase in government purchases raises output, consumption and investment and reduces the trade balance. However, the stimulating effect is weaker and the trade balance reduction is larger for the more open EU economies, consistent with larger lea...
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作者：Harding, Torfinn; Javorcik, Beata S.
作者单位：University of Oxford; Statistics Norway; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This study uses newly collected data on 124 countries to examine the effects of investment promotion on inflows of US foreign direct investment (FDI). We test whether sectors explicitly targeted by investment promotion agencies in their efforts to attract FDI receive more investment in the post-targeting period, relative to the pre-targeting period and non-targeted sectors. The results of our analysis are consistent with investment promotion leading to higher FDI flows to countries in which re...
