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作者：Butler, Jeffrey V.
摘要：I present experimental evidence for a novel mechanism yielding inequality persistence. Just world beliefs research suggests that individuals believe they merit unequal treatment they experience. Merit depends on ability and effort so that disadvantage (advantage) may undermine (bolster) confidence in own relative ability. Because decisions determining economic success rely on such beliefs (e.g. competitiveness), inequality may self-perpetuate. In multiple experiments, I randomly assign unequal...
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作者：Jacobsen, Grant D.; Parker, Dominic P.
作者单位：University of Oregon; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The current US oil and gas boom is injecting labour, capital and revenue into communities near reserves. Will these communities be cursed with lower long-run incomes in the wake of the boom? We study the oil boom-and-bust cycle of the 1970s and 1980s to gain insights. Using annual data on drilling to identify western boom-and-bust counties, we find substantial positive local employment and income effects during the boom. In the aftermath of the bust, however, we find that incomes per capita de...
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作者：Saint-Paul, Gilles; Ticchi, Davide; Vindigni, Andrea
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca; Collegio Carlo Alberto
摘要：Can an incumbent political party increase its chances at re-election by implementing inefficient policies that harm its constituency? This paper studies the possibility of such a phenomenon, which we label political entrenchment. We use a two-party dynamic model of redistribution with probabilistic voting. Political entrenchment by the Left occurs only if incumbency rents are sufficiently high. Low-skill citizens may vote for this party even though they rationally expect the adoption of these ...
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作者：Gould, Eric D.; Moav, Omer
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick
摘要：This study examines how the sources and levels of income inequality affect how a country attracts and retains high skilled workers. With parameter values that yield realistic levels of emigration, our model shows that emigration rates increase with education when the returns to education are higher abroad. However, the relationship between unobservable skills (residual wages') and emigration can display an inverse U-shaped pattern, if unobservable skills are composed of both general' and count...
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作者：Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Nyshadham, Anant
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：Do parents invest more in higher quality children, or do they compensate for lower quality by giving more to children with lower endowments? We answer this question in the context of a large-scale iodine supplementation programme in Tanzania. We find that children with higher programme exposure were more likely to receive necessary vaccines and were breastfed for longer. Siblings of treated children were also more likely to be immunised. Fertility behaviour and investments at the time of birth...
