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作者：Parker, Susan W.; Vogl, Tom
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Conditional cash transfer programmes have spread to over 60 countries in the past two decades, but little is known about their long-term effects. We estimate the lasting impact of childhood exposure to the Mexico's flagship programme Progresa by leveraging the age structure of benefits and geographic variation in early programme penetration nationwide. Childhood exposure improves women's outcomes in early adulthood with increases in educational attainment, geographic mobility, labour market pe...
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作者：Eberhardt, Markus; Facchini, Giovanni; Rueda, Valeria
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Nottingham
摘要：Academia, and economics in particular, faces increased scrutiny because of gender imbalance. This paper studies the job market for entry-level faculty positions. We employ machine learning methods to analyse gendered patterns in the text of 12,000 reference letters written in support of over 3,700 candidates. Using both supervised and unsupervised techniques, we document widespread differences in the attributes emphasised. Women are systematically more likely to be described using 'grindstone'...
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作者：Disney, Richard; Gathergood, John; Machin, Stephen; Sandi, Matteo
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Sussex; University of Nottingham; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
摘要：'Right to Buy', a large-scale natural experiment whereby incumbent tenants in public housing could buy properties at heavily subsidised prices, increased the United Kingdom homeownership rate by over 10 percentage points between its 1980 introduction and the 1990s. This paper studies the impact of this reform on crime by leveraging exogenous variation in eligibility for the policy. Results show that Right to Buy generated significant property crime reductions. Behavioural changes of incumbent ...
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作者：Chen, Zhiqi
作者单位：Carleton University
摘要：Partitioned pricing is a pricing practice that divides the price of a product into a base price and one or more mandatory surcharges. This paper develops a theory of partitioned pricing using a duopoly model where the owner of each firm determines the surcharge, but delegates the setting of the base price to a manager. In equilibrium, both firms choose partitioned pricing over the conventional all-inclusive pricing. Moreover, partitioned pricing leads to higher full prices and larger profits t...
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作者：Wichman, Casey J.; Chan, Nathan W.
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：We provide new evidence on motivations for voluntary contributions to public goods in a natural setting. Using natural language processing on users' Twitter posts, we measure revealed sentiment changes before and after making a donation to Wikipedia. We find strong evidence that sentiment improves in the hour and minutes directly before contributing, which we call 'preheating'. Results are robust to alternative fixed effects and approaches to inference and supported by a complementary online e...
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作者：Rebeyrol, Vincent
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：This paper shows that non-tariff measures may fully respect the non-discrimination principle of the World Trade Organisation and still act as a protectionist device. Non-tariff measures that raise costs of all firms induce some exit, reallocating market shares towards the most efficient firms. The paper analyses when this mechanism generates protectionism. With political economy motives, trade liberalisation increases the use of non-tariff measures in the non-cooperative equilibrium and a trad...
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作者：Lavy, Victor; Rachkovski, Genia; Boiko, Adi
作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：'CEOs' of public schools in many countries have authority and responsibilities that can greatly affect the quality of schooling. This paper estimates the impact of CEOs on student outcomes in Israeli elementary schools. We estimate CEO quality in two ways-once using schools that do not switch CEOs and once using schools that do. We show that switches are exogenous and are not correlated with potential outcomes. CEO quality positively affects students' test scores and behavioural outcomes, with...
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作者：Butikofer, Aline; Ginja, Rita; Loken, Katrine V.; Landaud, Fanny
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bergen; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CY Cergy Paris Universite
摘要：Although many students suffer from anxiety and depression, and often identify school pressure and concerns about their futures as the main reasons for their worries, little is known about the consequences of the schooling environment on students' mental health. Using a regression discontinuity analysis in the largest Norwegian cities, we show that eligibility to enrol in a higher-achievement high school increases the probability of enrolment in higher education and decreases the probability of...
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作者：Hubert, Ryan; Little, Andrew T.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：A large economic literature studies whether racial disparities in policing are explained by animus or by beliefs about group crime rates. But what if these beliefs are incorrect? We analyse a model where officers form beliefs using crime statistics, but do not properly account for the fact that they will detect more crime in more heavily policed communities. This creates a feedback loop where officers over-police groups that they (incorrectly) believe exhibit high crime rates. This inferential...
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作者：Fabregas, Raissa
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This paper estimates the impacts of attending better middle schools on the test scores, on-time graduation, self-reported socio-emotional skills, aspirations and high school track choices of marginally admitted students. A regression discontinuity design comparing students just above and below the admission threshold to higher-achieving middle schools in Mexico shows some modest gains on externally graded tests, but adverse effects on grade point average and on-time graduation. By the end of m...
