-
作者：Campolmi, Alessia; Fadinger, Harald; Forlati, Chiara
作者单位：University of Verona; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Southampton
摘要：Should trade agreements constrain domestic policies? We analyse this question using a model with monopolistic competition and constant-elasticity-of-substitution demand. We develop a welfare decomposition to show that welfare changes induced by trade and domestic policies can be decomposed into consumption and production efficiencies and terms-of-trade effects. We analyse the reasons to sign trade agreements and compare shallow and deep trade agreements, modelled according to GATT-WTO rules. U...
-
作者：Ahsan, Reshad N.; Panza, Laura; Song, Yong
作者单位：University of Melbourne
摘要：We use over 200 years of conflict and wheat price data to provide the first quantitative evidence that Atlantic trade reduced conflict in Europe. While other determinants of intra-European conflict during the Early to Late Modern period have been proposed, the role of Atlantic trade has not been previously explored due to a lack of historical trade data. We overcome this constraint by using wheat prices to calculate time-varying measures of price pass-through between Europe and the New World, ...
-
作者：Lochner, Benjamin; Merkl, Christian
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：This paper examines how gender-specific application behaviour, firms' hiring practices and flexibility demands relate to the gender earnings gap, using linked data from the German Job Vacancy Survey and administrative records. Women are less likely than men to apply to high-wage firms with high flexibility requirements, although their hiring chances are similar when they do. We show that compensating differentials for firms' flexibility demands help explain the residual gender earnings gap. Am...
-
作者：Huang, Yihong; Jiang, Yixi; Lu, Ziqi
作者单位：Peking University; University of Jinan
摘要：Social media, on which signals are often correlated, has become a primary source of information. How do people form beliefs when reading correlated signals online? In a field experiment on Weibo, we exposed Chinese college students to redundant negative posts about civil service jobs. Consequently, students developed a 0.16-standard-deviation higher negative view of these jobs and were 11% less likely to register for civil service exams, compared to the control group. We find the same effect i...
-
作者：Popov, Alexander
作者单位：European Central Bank; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：During his pontificate from 1979 until 2005, Pope John Paul II visited 130 countries, more than the 263 popes before him combined. I document a significant increase in exports to trading partners with a relatively high share of Catholics following a pastoral visit, leading to a non-negligible increase in aggregate exports. The biggest beneficiaries in terms of increased trade are visited countries that are at lower stages of economic development and have relatively fewer Catholics and relative...
-
作者：De Haas, Ralph; Popov, Alexander
-
作者：Listo, Ariel; Saberian, Soodeh; Thivierge, Vincent
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Manitoba; University of Ottawa
摘要：De Haas and Popov (2023) used a forty-eight-country, sixteen-industry and twenty-six-year panel to test how the size and structure of a country's financial sector affect CO2 emissions. This comment revisits the results by correcting two coding errors: failing to cluster the SEs and improperly implementing the generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator. Robust SEs are only significant at 10%, while the magnitudes of the GMM results are reduced by a factor of 2 to 4
-
作者：Perino, Grischa; Ritz, Robert A.; van Benthem, Arthur A.
作者单位：University of Hamburg; University of Cambridge; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Countries around the world are enacting climate policies such as coal phase-outs, aviation taxes and renewable energy support. These policies often overlap with a wider multi-jurisdictional carbon-pricing system like the EU's Emissions Trading System. We develop a general framework to study how effectively such 'overlapping climate policies' can help combat climate change-depending on their design, location and timing. We find that some policies are truly complementary, while others backfire b...
-
作者：Ang, Geer; Qin, Yu; Tan, Ya; Zhang, Fan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National University of Singapore; University of International Business & Economics; Jinan University
摘要：In China, employment in the civil service is perceived as a primary path to leadership roles in government. This paper examines the role of family background in shaping the choice to enter the civil service and investigates the impact of the 2012 anti-corruption campaign on this process. We find that college graduates with cadre parents are more likely to work as a civil servant. However, using a difference-in-differences approach, we show an 18% decline in this occupational persistence post-c...
-
作者：Feng, Alan; Li, Haishi; Wang, Yulin
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; International Monetary Fund; University of Hong Kong
摘要：Are landlocked countries at risk from sea-level rise? We identify a new mechanism where natural disaster shocks influence countries' macroeconomic performance through cross-border trade spillovers. Analysing global data on climate disasters, infrastructure, trade and the macroeconomy from 1970 to 2019, we find that climate disasters impact ports and critical infrastructure for international trade and reduce imports, exports and economic output in both the affected country and its major trade p...
