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作者：Reinhart, CM; Talvi, E
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：Both theory and the empirical evidence for a broad range of countries have identified a negative relationship between domestic and foreign saving. Still, based on the experience of the 1990s, a popular view has emerged that domestic and foreign saving are positively related in Asia and negatively related in Latin America. We argue that this popular discussion does not discriminate between trends in domestic saving (which are very different in the two regions) and the cyclical component of savi...
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作者：Dercon, S
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; KU Leuven
摘要：Imperfect credit markets force households to use their savings for investment. Profitable activities often require lumpy investments, limiting entry by poorer households, resulting in increasing welfare differences. In Tanzania, cattle are a profitable but lumpy investment and a liquid asset for consumption smoothing. Richer households own substantial cattle herds, while poorer households specialize in low return, low risk activities. A dynamic programming model and simulations are presented t...
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作者：Fikkert, B; Hasan, R
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Asian Development Bank; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper examines returns to scale for a panel of Indian manufacturing firms from 1976-1985, a period in which government regulations restricted firms' expansion. Observers have argued that these regulations led to unexploited scale economies in Indian firms, and our estimates lend limited support to this view. Although a large number of firms produce below the minimum efficient scale, average returns to scale for the various industries are not significantly different from one. Our estimates...
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作者：Funkhouser, E
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：I utilize unique firm-based data to examine firm-wage differentials among private firms with ten or more workers in the capital area of Guatemala City, Approximately one-seventh of the overall hourly earnings variation in this sector is related to firm effects not captured by other observable characteristics of individuals and firms, For most variables, including observable characteristics of firms used in most previous studies, the bias from nor including firm fixed effects in the estimation ...
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作者：Kaminsky, GL; Leiderman, L
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Tel Aviv University; Stockholm University; International Monetary Fund
摘要：High real interest rates have been observed in many countries for several months after the adoption of disinflation programs. While they may reflect primarily a liquidity crunch, high ex post real interest rates can also be explained in terms of an ex post error in inflation expectations that reflects a lack of credibility of the low-inflation policy. The latter hypothesis is tested using data for Argentina, Israel, and Mexico during the implementation of the stabilization programs in the mid-...
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作者：Chao, CC; Yu, ESH
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Oregon State University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper provides a two-period, three-sector general-equilibrium model for examining the effects of a temporary increase in export-share requirements to foreign-owned firms on the trade balance and national welfare. The analysis suggests that the policy of a temporary rise in export requirements results in increases in the non-tradable prices for both periods as well as intertemporal welfare. The policy also leads to an improvement in the first-period trade balance. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science...
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作者：Taylor, AM
作者单位：Northwestern University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper is concerned with integration in the world capital market between the economies of the core and periphery in the twentieth century. It proceeds with some general observations and with a special focus on the case of Argentina. I will argue that understanding the changing relations in international capital markets offers important insights into the growth and development process, especially for the countries of the periphery. Moreover, study of the extent of market integration in hist...
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作者：Moschos, D; Stournaras, Y
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Greece; National & Kapodistrian University of Athens
摘要：Using price and wage equations, an aggregate supply relationship is derived, which relates domestic to foreign prices and output. It is shown that, among all parameters, only the degree of wage indexation matters to the question of whether the nominal exchange rate can affect competitiveness. Cointegration results support the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables of the model which is in conformity with the relationship derived in the theoretical part of the paper. Empirical...
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作者：Lai, ELC
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：Using a dynamic general equilibrium model of the international product cycle we found that the effects of strengthening intellectual property rights protection (IPP) in South depend cricially on the channel of production transfer from North to South. Stronger IPP in South increases the rate of product innovation, production transfer and Southern relative wage if foreign direct investment is the channel of production transfer, but has opposite effects if production is transferred through imitat...
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作者：Schaffner, JA
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Examination of the employer size-wage effect for males in urban Peru suggests the following. Higher wages in larger establishments do not merely compensate for higher worker quality or inferior working conditions. Size differences in the use of rising wage-tenure profiles cannot provide a market-clearing explanation for the employer size-wage effect unless workers are extremely impatient. Thus, larger employers appear to pay premiums. Unionization explains none of the premiums, and minimum wag...
