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作者：Laffont, JJ; Meleu, M
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny
摘要：We model separation of powers as an instrument against corruption, more specifically as a way to decrease the costs of collusion-proofness. Then, we show that the value of this institutional design is higher in developing countries. Unfortunately, the same reasons which are behind this higher value also increase the implementation cost of this institution. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D7; H5; O12.
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作者：Ranjan, P
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：This paper develops an overlapping generations general equilibrium model where inefficient child labor arises due to credit constraints. It derives a positive relationship between inequality in the distribution of income and the incidence of child labor. Looking at policy implications, it shows how trade sanctions against countries using child labor may fail to reduce the incidence of child labor. It discusses some alternative policies to reduce the incidence of child labor. (C) 2001 Elsevier ...
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作者：Birchenall, JA
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Colombian income distribution has followed a clear path during the last two decades: in the second half of the 1970s, human capital accumulation reduced the dispersion of income distribution, and lead to a period of stagnation between 1983 and 1990, when mobility declined. After the structural reforms (a skill-bias technological change), the wage differential for skilled workers increased inequality by a polarization in the bi-modal distribution of income. These topics are discussed in the pap...
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作者：Hussein, KA; de Mello, LR Jr
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of Kent
摘要：This paper develops a simple model of foreign debt portfolio management. The model suggests that, under mild conditions, the currency composition of a country's foreign debt portfolio is responsive to exchange rate movements. Empirical evidence is provided for a panel of 14 emerging economies in the period 1970-1998. Attention is focused on the stocks of foreign liabilities denominated in US dollars, Deutschemarks (DM), Japanese yen, and Swiss francs. The results of the empirical analysis show...
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作者：Eicher, TS; García-Peñalosa, C
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：To examine how human capital accumulation influences both economic growth and income inequality, we carefully endogenize the demand and supply of skills. We explicitly introduce the costs and externalities in education, and examine how both relate to learning-by-doing and R&D intensity. In addition, we endogenize the determinants of the skill-bias of labor demand: the complementarity between technology and skilled and unskilled labor. Our results identify parameters that are central to the evo...
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作者：Traca, DA
作者单位：INSEAD Business School
摘要：This paper shows that, when compared to tariffs, quantitative restrictions (QRs) have a negative effect on innovation and productivity growth. First, QRs lead to stagnation in the steady state, in the absence of domestic competition, while tariffs allow for positive steady-state growth. Second, the replacement of a QR by a tariff equivalent leads to an increase in the short run incentives to innovation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Beine, M; Docquier, F; Rapoport, H
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; Universite de Lille; Bar Ilan University
摘要：We focus on the impact of migration prospects on human capital formation and growth in a small, open developing economy. We assume that agents are heterogeneous in skills and take their educational decisions in a context of uncertainty regarding future migrations. We distinguish two growth effects: an ex ante brain effect (migration prospects foster investments in education because of higher returns abroad), and an ex post drain effect (because of actual migration flows). The case for a benefi...
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作者：Harris, RG; Schmitt, N
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：The paper examines discretionary and strategic foreign direct investment (FDI) incentives in the export sector relative to a non-interventionist policy. The analysis is based on a two-country model with both countries seeking to attract FDI. Countries differ in cost levels and in their levels of tariff protection on intermediate inputs. A shift in the trade policy regime toward the strategic promotion of exports results in a decrease in FDI allocated to the low-cost country when it has a low l...
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作者：Arora, A; Fosfuri, A; Gambardella, A
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna; University of Pisa
摘要：in this paper we study how the development of specialized upstream technology suppliers in leading countries improves technology access and lowers investment casts far downstream firms in follower countries. We test this idea using a novel database covering all investments in chemical plants in less developed countries (LDCs) during the 1980s. We find that investments in chemical plants in the LDCs are greater, the greater is the number of technology suppliers that operate in the first world, ...
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作者：Adam, CS; Bevan, DL; Chambas, G
作者单位：University of Oxford; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
摘要：It has been argued that the institutions of the CFA Franc zone may have reduced inflation but that they also induced misalignment of the real exchange rate and that this is the explanation for their dismal revenue performance. This paper uses a panel of 22 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to estimate revenue performance over the period from 1980 to 1996. It finds that the poor cumulative relative revenue performance of the Franc zone countries is mainly attributable to differences in environmen...
