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作者：Castellanosa, SG; García-Verdú, R; Kaplan, DS
作者单位：Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico
摘要：This paper analyzes the existence and extent of downward nominal wage rigidities in the Mexican labor market using data from the administrative records of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). This establishment-level, panel dataset allows us to track workers employed with the same firm, observe their wage profiles and calculate the nominal-wage changes they experience over time. Based on the estimated density functions of nominal wage changes, we are able to calculate some standard te...
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作者：Blankenau, WF; Simpson, NB
作者单位：Colgate University; Kansas State University
摘要：Empirical evidence is mixed concerning the effects of public education expenditures on economic growth. We explore this expenditure-growth relationship in the context of an endogenous growth model in which private and public investment are inputs to human capital accumulation. The positive direct effect of public education spending on growth can be diminished or even negated when other determinants of growth are negatively affected by general equilibrium adjustments. We show that the response ...
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作者：Cashin, P; McDermott, CJ; Pattillo, C
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper examines the persistence of shocks to the terms of trade using annual data on 42 sub-Saharan African countries for the period 1960-96. Instead of using unit root tests to distinguish between stationary and random walk processes for the terms of trade, this paper characterizes the persistence of shocks using point and interval estimates of the half-lives of terms of trade shocks. Using median-unbiased (MU) estimation techniques that remove the downward bias of standard [least squares...
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作者：Attanasio, O; Goldberg, PK; Pavcnik, N
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Dartmouth College
摘要：We investigate the effects of the drastic tariff reductions of the 1980s and 1990s in Colombia on the wage distribution. We identify three main channels through which the wage distribution was affected: increasing returns to college education, changes in industry wages that hurt sectors with initially lower wages and a higher fraction of unskilled workers, and shifts of the labor force towards the informal sector that typically pays lower wages and offers no benefits. Our results suggest that ...
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作者：Lall, SV; Shalizi, Z; Deichmann, U
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：The primary objective of this paper is to examine the extent to which agglomeration economies contribute to economic productivity. We distinguish three sources of agglomeration economies: (1) at the firm level from improved access to market centers, (2) at the industry level from intra-industry localization economies, and (3) at the regional level from inter-industry urbanization economies. There is considerable variation in the sources and magnitudes of agglomeration economies between industr...
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作者：Rioja, F; Valev, N
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Recent research has found a strong positive effect of a country's financial development on economic growth. We propose that this relationship may vary according to the level of financial development (divided in three regions). In the low region (countries with very low levels of financial development), additional improvements in financial markets have an uncertain effect on growth. In the intermediate region, financial development has a large, positive effect on growth. Finally, in the high re...
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作者：Van Tassel, E
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University
摘要：This paper examines a household bargaining problem where one household member can use external finance to invest in an uncertain business project. Faced with limited income generating opportunities, we show that the household member will consistently choose safe investment projects. We also explain why other members of the household can be made worse off from investment, even when aggregate household consumption is expected to rise. In a dynamic version of the bargaining problem, we study ince...
