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作者：Davies, RB
作者单位：University of Oregon
摘要：Opponents of child labor suggest that demand-driven mechanisms can eliminate such practices. If consumers prefer adult-labor products, they suggest that labeling will drive out child-labor products. I show that under Bertrand competition, even with complete information, this is unlikely. When products are differentiated only by labor type, such a scheme requires at least three firms and child-labor costs at least as large as adult-labor costs. With additional lines of differentiation, child la...
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作者：Morón, E; Winkelried, D
作者单位：Universidad del Pacifico Peru
摘要：One distinguishable characteristic of emerging market economies is that they are not financially robust. These economics are incapable of smoothing out large external shocks, as sudden capital outflows imply abrupt swings in the real exchange rate. Using a small open-economy model, this paper examines alternative monetary policy rules for economies with different degrees of liability dollarization. The paper answers the question of how efficient it is to use inflation targeting (IT) under high...
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作者：Gibson, B
作者单位：University of Vermont
摘要：Recent econometric evidence suggests that trade liberalization has an elusive relationship to growth and income distribution. This paper provides an explanation for these results via numerical simulations of a dynamic structuralist CGE. The conclusion is that if families become too poor to finance human capital accumulation, or the state too stingy to supply it at a reasonable cost, exports of skill-intensive goods can become uncompetitive and the transition to openness may involve increasing ...
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作者：Agénor, PR
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：This paper studies the labor market effects of fiscal adjustment in a two-sector, three-good intertemporal framework. Key features of the model are an informal sector, minimum wages, unionized labor in the formal economy, imperfect labor mobility, and public production of intermediate inputs. Luxury and wait unemployment prevail in equilibrium. It is shown that if unions care sufficiently about employment, and if the degree of openness is high, an increase in the price of government services m...
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作者：Tillmann, P
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：To correct the disincentives of liquidity assistance during financial crises, the official sector attempts to involve the private sector in the resolution of debt crises. This paper empirically tests the reaction of investors to announcements of private sector involvement (PSI). For this purpose, we disentangle shifts in risk premia incorporated in excess returns on emerging market bonds into changes in risk and shifts in the price of risk. A regime-switching ARCH-M model is employed to separa...
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作者：Özden, Ç; Reinhardt, E
作者单位：Emory University
摘要：Developed countries maintain special tariff preferences, namely the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), for imports from developing countries. Critics highlight the underachieving nature of such preferences, but we know little about how they affect recipients' own trade policies. We conduct the first examination of this question, using a panel of 154 developing countries. We find that countries removed from GSP adopt more liberal trade policies than those remaining eligible. The results, ...
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作者：Fattouh, B; Scaramozzino, P; Harris, L
作者单位：University of London; University of London School Oriental & African Studies (SOAS)
摘要：Knowledge of how South Korean firms choose their capital structures has particular value due to the country's specific corporate structure and the role of leverage in the evolution of its financial crisis of 1997 and recovery. Using a large panel for the years 1992-2001, we investigate the evolution and determinants of Korean firms' capital structure and focus on differences between firms in different quantiles of the debt-capital distribution. Conditional quantile regressions show that while ...
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作者：Orrenius, PM; Zavodny, M
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas
摘要：This paper examines the effect of changes in migration determinants on the skill level of undocumented Mexican immigrants. We focus on the effect of changes in economic conditions, migrant networks, and border enforcement on the educational attainment of men who cross the border illegally. Results from hazard models using data from the Mexican Migration Project indicate that migrants are not negatively selected with regard to education. However, improvements in U.S. and Mexican economic condit...
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作者：Picard, PM; Zeng, DZ
作者单位：Kagawa University; University of Manchester; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：In many developing countries, agriculture hires at least as many workers as manufacturing industries. We investigate an economic geography model in which agricultural goods are costly to transport and in which manufactures hire labor from the local agricultural sector as unskilled labor. Our conclusions show that the parameters in the agricultural sector are crucial to determine the spatial configuration of economic activity. We provide an analytic treatment to the model. The location equilibr...
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作者：Duclos, JY; Makdissi, P; Wodon, Q
作者单位：University of Sherbrooke; University of Sherbrooke; Laval University; The World Bank
摘要：We propose simple graphical methods to identify poverty-reducing marginal reforms of transfer programs. The methods are based on Program Dominance curves that display cumulative program benefits weighted by powers of poverty gaps. These curves can be decomposed simply as sums of targeting dominance curves and allocation dominance ones, and can serve to verify whether the assessment of marginal: program reforms is sensitive to the choice of poverty lines and poverty measures as well as to diffe...
