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作者：Easterly, William
作者单位：New York University
摘要：Consistent with the provocative hypothesis of Engerman and Sokoloff [Engermann, Stanley and Kenneth Sokoloff (1997), Factor Endowments, Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth Among New World Economies: A View from Economic Historians of the United States, in Stephen Haber, ed. How Latin America Fell Behind, Stanford CA: Stanford University Press., Sokoloff, Kenneth L. and Stanley L. Engerman (2000), Institutions, Factor Endowments, and Paths of Development in the New World, Journal of ...
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作者：Barrett, Christopher B.; Foster, Andrew D.
作者单位：Cornell University; Brown University
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作者：Glass, Amy Jocelyn; Wu, Xiaodong
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This paper explores why theories about the effects of intellectual property rights (IPR) protection on foreign direct investment (FDI) and innovation have reached mixed conclusions. In our model, Northern firms innovate to improve the quality of existing products and may later shift production to the South through FDI. Southern firms may then imitate the products of multinationals. We find that imitation can increase FDI and innovation for quality improvements, whereas the opposite occurs when...
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作者：Olsson, Ola
作者单位：University of Gothenburg
摘要：'Conflict diamonds' refer to the fatal role that diamonds are believed to have played in several African conflicts. The article analyzes the impact of diamond rents on economic growth in light of the broader, previously discovered empirical finding of a 'curse of natural resources.' By extending the theory of appropriative conflict, a predator-prey game is outlined in which a rebel chooses between peaceful production and predation on natural resources controlled by the ruler. It is shown that ...
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作者：Fafchamps, Marcel; Gubert, Flore
作者单位：University of Oxford; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
摘要：This paper examines the formation of risk sharing networks in the rural Philippines. We find that geographic proximity-possibly correlated with kinship-is a major determinant of mutual insurance links among villagers. Age and wealth differences also play an important role. In contrast, income correlation and differences in occupation are not determinants of network links. Reported network links have a strong effect on subsequent gifts and loans. Gifts between network partners are found to resp...
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作者：Whalley, John; Zhang, Shunming
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Xiamen University
摘要：We use numerical simulation methods to analyze the Hukou system of permanent registration in China which many believe has supported growing relative inequality over the last 20 years by restraining labour migration both between the countryside and urban areas and between regions and cities. Our aim is to inject economic modelling into the debate on sources of inequality in China which thus far has been largely statistical. We first use a model with homogeneous labour in which wage inequality a...
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作者：Conning, Jonathan H.; Robinson, James A.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); City University of New York (CUNY) System; Harvard University
摘要：We propose a general equilibrium model where the economic organization of agriculture and the political equilibrium determining the security of property rights are jointly determined. In particular, because the form of organization may affect the probability and distribution of benefits from future property challenges, it may be shaped in anticipation of this impact. Property rights security may then be secured at the expense of economic efficiency. The model provides a framework for understan...
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作者：Larrain, Mauricio; Poblete, Joaquin
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The fact that minimum wages seem especially binding for young workers has led some countries to adopt age-differentiated minimum wages. We develop a dynamic competitive two-sector labor market model where workers with heterogeneous initial skills gain productivity through experience. We compare two equally binding schemes of single and age-differentiated minimum wages, and find that although differentiated minimum wages result in a more equal distribution of income, such a scheme creates a mor...
