-
作者：Feltenstein, Andrew; Rochon, Celine; Shamloo, Maral
作者单位：National Science Foundation (NSF); University of Oxford; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper analyzes certain policies that are typical of a number of rapidly growing East Asian countries in which a fixed exchange rate, combined with a surplus labor market, has made domestic assets relatively inexpensive, generating high rates of FDI as well as domestic capital formation. This investment hunger can lead to unanticipated declines in the returns to investment, and resulting financial insolvencies. Private consumption remains low and there are concerns that high savings rates ...
-
作者：Sugimoto, Yoshiaki; Nakagawa, Masao
作者单位：Kagawa University; University of Osaka
摘要：This paper argues that the introduction of compulsory schooling in early industrialization promoted the growth process that eventually led to a vicious cycle of population aging and negative pressure on education policy. In the early phases of industrialization, public education was undesirable for the young poor who relied on child labor. Compulsory schooling therefore discouraged childbirth, while the accompanying industrialization stimulated their demand for education. The subsequent rise i...
-
作者：Ulyssea, Gabriel
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This paper develops a two-sector matching model that incorporates the main features of Latin American labor markets. It has an innovation in its matching structure that makes it more consistent with some key stylized facts of the informal sector in these countries. The model is numerically solved using Brazilian data and several policy simulations are performed. Reducing formal sector's entry cost significantly reduces the size of the informal sector and improves overall labor market performan...
-
作者：Fally, Thibault; Paillacar, Rodrigo; Terra, Cristina
作者单位：heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Paris School of Economics; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of market and supplier access on wage disparities across Brazilian states, incorporating the control for individual characteristics into the new economic geography methodology. We estimate market and supplier access disaggregated by industry, and we compute access to local, national and international markets separately. We find a strong correlation between market access and wage differentials, even after controlling for individual characteristics, market access ...
-
作者：Bos, J. W. B.; Economidou, C.; Koetter, M.; Kolari, J. W.
作者单位：University of Groningen; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Mays Business School; Utrecht University
摘要：This paper investigates the driving forces of output change in 77 countries during the period 1970-2000. A flexible modeling strategy is adopted that accounts for (i) the inefficient use of resources, and (ii) different production technologies across countries. The proposed model can identify technical, efficiency, and input change for each of three endogenously determined regimes. Membership in these regimes is estimated, rather than determined ex ante. This framework enables explorations int...
-
作者：Eicher, Theo S.; Schreiber, Till
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; William & Mary
摘要：Documenting the long term impact of structural policies on economic performance has generated tremendous interest in the development literature. In contrast, contemporary effects of structural policies are difficult to establish. Structural policies seldom change sufficiently in the short run, and accepted instruments to control for endogeneity in cross sections are inappropriate for time series analysis. In this paper we utilize an eleven year panel of 26 transition countries to identify shor...
-
作者：Aldashev, Gani; Verdier, Thierry
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; University of Namur
摘要：This paper builds a model of competition through fundraising between horizontally differentiated NGOs. NGOs allocate their time resource between working on the project and fundraising, which attracts private donations. If the market size is fixed, the fundraising levels increase with the number of NGOs and the free-entry equilibrium number of NGOs can be larger or smaller than the socially optimal number, depending on the efficiency of the fundraising technology. If the market size is endogeno...
-
作者：Bengtsson, Niklas
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：We use time-series of rainfall to estimate the response of body weight to transitory changes in household income in rural Tanzania. We find that the response of body weight to income changes is positive on average, but that the impact is highest for female children, and lower for adults. For female children, a ten-percent increase in household income implies ail increase in body weight by about 0.4 kg. In contrast, the body weight of adolescents and young adults is virtually invariant to incom...
-
作者：Lin, Chen; Lin, Ping; Song, Frank
作者单位：Lingnan University; City University of Hong Kong; Shandong University; University of Hong Kong
摘要：Following the recent literature on institutions and economic growth, we examine the effects of property rights protection on corporate R&D. Using a unique 2003 World Bank survey of over 2400 firms in 18 Chinese cities, we obtain the following findings: (1) property rights protection is positively and significantly related to corporate R&D activity (for both process and product R & D); (2) government services and helping hand are conducive to corporate R&D, while informal payments to government...
-
作者：Oyelere, Ruth Uwaifo
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：In the last two decades, the social and economic benefits of formal education in Sub-Saharan Africa have been debated. Anecdotal evidence points to low returns to education in Africa. Unfortunately, there is limited econometric evidence to support these claims at the micro level. In this study, I focus on Nigeria, a country that holds 1/5 of Africa's population. I use instruments based on the exogenous timing of the implementation and withdrawal of free primary education across regions in this...
