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作者：Perroni, Carlo; Proto, Eugenio
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：We describe a two-sector, general-equilibrium model of productive sorting under output risk and incomplete information. Risk-neutral (entrepreneurial) individuals can either produce alone, or - acting as employers/insurers - team up with risk-averse (non-entrepreneurial) individuals. Although the latter option has the potential to generate more surplus, when effort is unobservable and risk is high, the moral hazard problem in mixed matches may be too severe for mixing to be attractive to both ...
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作者：Phan, Diep; Coxhead, Ian
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Beloit College
摘要：Vietnam's economic boom during the transition to a market economy has centered on very rapid growth in some sectors and provinces, yet poverty has diminished across the entire country. With capital investments highly concentrated by province and sector, geographic labor mobility may be critical in spreading the gains from growth. Conversely, rising income inequality may be attributable in part to impediments to migration. We first use census data to investigate migration patterns and determina...
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作者：Baisa, Brian; Davis, Lucas W.; Salant, Stephen W.; Wilcox, William
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Throughout the developing world, many water distribution systems are unreliable. As a result, it becomes necessary for each household to store its own water as a hedge against this uncertainty. Since arrivals of water are not synchronized across households, serious distributional inefficiencies arise. We develop a model describing the optimal intertemporal depletion of each household's private water storage if it is uncertain when water will next arrive to replenish supplies. The model is cali...
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作者：Basu, Kaushik; Das, Sanghamitra; Dutta, Bhaskar
作者单位：Cornell University; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Delhi; University of Warwick
摘要：Some studies on child labor have shown that, at the level of the household, greater land wealth leads to higher child labor, thereby casting doubt on the hypothesis that child labor is caused by poverty. This paper argues that the missing ingredient may be an explicit modeling of the labor market. We develop a simple model which suggests the possibility of an inverted-U relationship between land holdings and child labor. Using a unique data set that has child labor hours it is found that, cont...
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作者：Loayza, Norman V.; Raddatz, Claudio
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper contributes to explain the cross-country heterogeneity of the poverty response to changes in economic growth. It does so by focusing on the structure of output growth itself. The paper presents a two-sector theoretical model that clarifies the mechanism through which the sectoral composition of growth and associated labor intensity can affect workers' wages and, thus, poverty alleviation. Then, it presents cross-country empirical evidence that analyzes, first, the differential pover...
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作者：Lee, Jeong-Joon; Sawada, Yasuyuki
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University System of Maryland; Towson University
摘要：This paper investigates precautionary saving under liquidity constraints in Pakistan using household panel data, In particular, while it estimates Kimball's [Kimball, M.S. Precautionary saving in the small and in the large. Econometrica 1990: 58; 53-73.] prudence parameter based on a framework that is similar to Dynan [Dynan, K.E. How prudent are consumers? journal of Political Economy 1993; 101; 1104-1113.], this study deviates from the framework by explicitly considering liquidity constraint...
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作者：Goetghebuer, Tatiana; Platteau, Jean-Philippe
作者单位：University of Namur
摘要：On the basis of detailed information on inheritance practices collected in the course of an in-depth survey of three Andean communities of Peru, and unlike most empirical studies which rely on remittance functions, we have been able to estimate an inheritance function with a view to identifying the main factors associated with particular patterns of land bequests. A central result is that the positive relationship between caring and a favourable access to land bequest indeed exists, yet is onl...
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作者：Dinopoulos, Elias; Segerstrom, Paul
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：This paper develops a model of North-South trade with Multinational firms and economic growth in order to analyze formally the effects of stronger intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in developing countries. In the model, Northern firms invent new higher-quality products, multinational firms transfer manufacturing operations to the South and the Southern firms imitate products produced by multinational firms. It is shown that stronger IPR protection in the South (i.e., the adoption a...
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作者：Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; University of Oxford
摘要：This paper explores the oil discovery announcements in Sao Tome and Principe (1997-1999) to assess the role of natural resources in determining corruption. For this purpose, we use a natural experiment framework which contrasts Sao Tome and Principe to Cape Verde, a control West African country sharing the same colonial past and important recent economic and political shocks. Our measurement is based on tailored household surveys we conducted in both island countries. The unique survey instrum...
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作者：Agenor, Pierre-Richard; Aizenman, Joshua
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies the impact of aid volatility in a two-period model where production may occur with either a traditional or a modern technology. Public spending is productive and time to build requires expenditure in both periods for the modern technology to be used. The possibility of a poverty trap induced by high aid volatility is first examined in a benchmark case where taxation is absent. The analysis is then extended to account for self insurance (taking the form of a first-period cont...
