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作者：Cohen-Goldner, Sarit; Eckstein, Zvi
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Bank of Israel; Bar Ilan University
摘要：This article analyzes the labor mobility and human capital accumulation of male immigrants from the former Soviet Union to Israel. We estimate a dynamic choice model for employment and training in blue- and white-collar occupations, where the labor market randomly offered opportunities are affected by past choices. The estimated model accurately reproduces the patterns in the data. The estimated direct earning return to local training, local experience, and knowledge of Hebrew are very high, w...
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作者：Delavande, Adeline
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; RAND Corporation
摘要：When choosing a contraception method, women base their decisions on their subjective expectations about the realizations of method-related outcomes. Examples of outcomes include getting pregnant and contracting a sexually transmitted disease (STD). I combine innovative data on probabilistic expectations with observed contraceptive choices to estimate a random utility model of birth control choice. The availability of expectations data is essential to identify preferences from beliefs. Effectiv...
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作者：Arcidiacono, Peter; Cooley, Jane; Hussey, Andrew
作者单位：Duke University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Memphis
摘要：Because MBA programs require work experience before admittance, prior wages can be exploited to disentangle the return to the degree from unobserved productivity We find that controlling for individual fixed effects generally reduces the estimated returns to an MBA, particularly for those in top programs. However, for full-time MBA students attending schools outside of the top-25 the estimated returns are higher when we control for individual fixed effects. We show that there is some evidence ...
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作者：Hairault, Jean-Olivier; Langot, Francois; Sopraseuth, Thepthida
作者单位：Universite Paris Saclay; Paris School of Economics; heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
摘要：It is argued that the tax on continued activity should be removed by implementing actuarially fair schemes. However, these schemes cannot fund the expected Social Security (SS) deficit. This article proposes to give individuals a fraction of the actuarially fair incentives in the case of postponed retirement. SS faces a trade-off between giving enough incentives to make individuals delay retirement and giving little increase in pensions in order to help finance its expected deficit. This trade...
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作者：Andersen, Steffen; Harrison, Glenn W.; Lau, Morten I.; Rutstroem, E. Elisabet
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; Copenhagen Business School; Durham University
摘要：We use field experiments to examine the temporal stability of risk preferences. Over a 17-month period, we elicited risk preferences from subjects chosen to be representative of the adult Danish population. During this period we revisited many of these subjects and repeated a risk aversion elicitation task. We find some variation in risk attitudes over time, but we do not detect a general tendency for risk attitudes to increase or decrease over a 17-month span. The results also suggest that ri...
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作者：Fan, C. Simon; Stark, Oded
作者单位：University of Bonn; Lingnan University; University of Klagenfurt; University of Vienna; University of Warsaw; Warsaw School of Economics
摘要：Upon introducing heterogeneity and dynamics into a model of the demand for children, a problem of optimal population is defined and analyzed. It is shown that from the perspective of social welfare, better-educated individuals produce too few children while less-educated individuals produce too many children and all individuals invest too little in the education of their children. The impact of several policy tools geared at addressing the population problem is investigated, in particular how ...
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作者：Mills, David C., Jr.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：This article evaluates the efficiency of a requirement that private issuers redeem inside money on demand at par in a random-matching model of money where the issuers of inside money are imperfectly monitored. I find that for sufficiently imperfect monitoring, a par redemption requirement leads to lower social welfare than if private money were redeemed at a discount. A central message of the article is that if inside money and outside money are not perfect. substitutes, a par redemption requi...
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作者：Karayalcin, Cem
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：The great divergence between 'Europe and the rest of the world occurred relatively recently. What enabled Europe, with all its laggards, to dominate the previously successful Eastern economies? This article emphasizes one important mechanism, highlighting the contrast between the European states system and Eastern empires. Political competition for a mobile tax base in a states system forces rulers to provide relatively more secure property rights. By effectively limiting the exit options of t...
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作者：Gradstein, Mark
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This article's point of departure is that low-quality institutions, concentration of political power and material wealth, and underdevelopment are persistent over time. Its analytical model views an equal distribution of political power as a commitment device to enhance institutional quality, thereby promoting growth. The politically powerful coalition contemplates relinquishing of its power through democratization, weighing this advantageous consequence against the limit on own appropriative ...
