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作者：Burzynski, Michal; Deuster, Christoph; Docquier, Frederic
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：This paper analyzes the factors underlying the evolution of the worldwide distribution of skills and their implications for global inequality. We develop and parameterize a two-sector, two-class, world economy model that endogenizes education and mobility decisions, population growth, and income disparities across and within countries. First, our static experiments reveal that the geography of skills matters for global inequality. Low access to education and sectoral misallocation of skills su...
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作者：Mardan, Mohammed; Stimmelmayr, Michael
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bath; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This paper analyzes tax competition between countries, which differ in their country-specific risks. We show that the outcome of asymmetric tax competition crucially depends on the ability of multinational firms to shift profits. With high costs of profit shifting, higher-risk countries set lower tax rates than lower-risk countries whereas the opposite is true if the costs of profit shifting are low. The results provide an explanation for the patterns observed in the corporate income tax polic...
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作者：Bai, Jie; Wang, Yukun
作者单位：Harvard University; Cornell University
摘要：This study examines the impact of returns to work, for adult labor and child labor, on child work and schooling outcomes. We propose an empirical strategy that sheds light on the underlying income and price effects. Specifically, we exploit variations in child labor intensity across crops and exogenous changes in crop tariffs following the 1991 Indian trade liberalization. Exploiting pre-reform district variations in crop composition, we find opposite effects of tariff reductions for adult lab...
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作者：Demir, Banu; Javorcik, Beata
作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; University of Oxford; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This paper draws attention to import duty evasion as a margin through which firms adjust to changes in trade policy. This margin is different from the other forms of adjustment, as it can be employed very fast and thus it may constitute the initial reaction to the shock before a slower adjustment through the other channels takes place. The study also proposes a new method of detecting tax evasion in international trade, based on deviations from Benford's law. It applies the method in the conte...
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作者：Heggeness, Misty L.
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis
摘要：This study identifies the impact of access to and the speed of divorce on the welfare of children in a middle income largely Catholic country. Using difference-in-difference estimation techniques, I compare school enrollment for children of married and cohabiting parent households before and after the legalization of divorce. Implementing pro-homemaker divorce laws increased school enrollment anywhere from 3.4 to 5.5 percentage points, and the effect was particularly salient on secondary schoo...
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作者：Chen, Maggie Xiaoyang; Lin, Chuanhao
作者单位：George Washington University
摘要：How much have falling transport costs through the diffusion of transport networks contributed to the growth of cross-border investment? Exploring rich cross-country transport network and travel time data and exogenous sources of variations from cost and supply requirements of transportation technology, we show that expanding transport networks have reshaped the spatial organization and distance elasticities of cross-border investments. The proliferation of direct flights, liner shipping, and h...
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作者：Kasahara, Hiroyuki; Li, Bingjing
作者单位：University of British Columbia; National University of Singapore
摘要：This study quantitatively evaluates the relative importance of different causes of China's Great Famine, especially for the importance of grain exports. We exploit county-level over-time variations in crop specialization patterns to construct Bartik-style measures of export shocks. Using county-level panel data from 1955 to 1963, we regress death rates on the Bartik export measures with county and province-year fixed effects as well as time-varying effects of county-level observables. We use w...
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作者：Fafchamps, Marcel; Islam, Asad; Malek, Mohammad Abdul; Pakrashi, Debayan
作者单位：Stanford University; Monash University; University of Tsukuba; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Kanpur
摘要：We seek to better target agricultural training by inviting current trainees to refer future trainees. Some referees are rewarded or incentivized. Training increases the adoption of recommended practices and improves performance, but not all trainees adopt. Referred trainees are 4.2% more likely to adopt than randomly selected trainees, and 3.4-3.8% more likely than what can be predicted from observed characteristics of trainees. This implies that referral provides a slight improvement in targe...
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作者：Heath, Rachel; Hidrobo, Melissa; Roy, Shalini
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Cash transfer programs primarily targeting women in Latin America and East Africa have been shown to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV), but knowledge gaps remain on how impacts differ by program features and context. Using a randomized control trial, we investigate the IPV impacts of Mali's national cash transfer program (Jigisemejiri), which targets household heads (primarily men) in a West African context where nearly 40 percent of households are polygamous. The program causes significa...
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作者：Masset, Edoardo; Garcia-Hombrados, Jorge; Acharya, Arnab
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; Autonomous University of Madrid; University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; Max Planck Society
摘要：This article assesses the impact of the Northern Ghana Millennium Village Project. We estimate project effects on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) indicators using a difference-in-difference approach applied to matched villages and households using a sub-classification of the propensity score. The project improved some MDG indicators but, with few exceptions, impacts were small and core welfare indicators, such as monetary poverty, undernutrition and child mortality, remained unaffected...
