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作者：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Socioeconomic differences in birth weight have narrowed since 1900. The mother's nutritional status during her growing years, proxied by height, accounted for most of the differences in the past, but not today. Children born at the beginning of this century compared favorably to modern populations in terms of birth weights, but suffered high fetal and neonatal death rates. By day ten children in the past were at a disadvantage because best practice resulted in insufficient feeding. Improved ob...
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作者：Haverford College
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作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio University
摘要：This article examines the impact of what is undoubtedly the most important monetary regime change in U.S. history: the founding of the Federal Reserve System. We find, using a (G)ARCH model, a significant reduction in interest rate uncertainty following the founding of the Fed. Additionally, we show that the passage of the Aldrich-Vreeland Act in 1908, another significant change in policy, also led to a reduction in interest rate uncertainty. These results are robust to alternative interest ra...
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作者：University of California System; University of California Davis
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作者：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School; Queens College NY (CUNY)
摘要：Differential treatment of men and women in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century labor markets casts doubt on the common practice of adding male and female labor to create a single labor variable in the production function. This article shows that men and women must be disaggregated in the production function, and investigates the effects of inappropriate aggregation on the debate over the Habakkuk-Rothbarth labor scarcity hypothesis. With disaggregation, a female-using bias and an overall l...
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作者：William & Mary
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作者：University System of Ohio; University of Akron
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作者：California State University System; California State University Northridge
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作者：Boston University
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作者：University of Kentucky
