作者：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
作者：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Historia (IH)
作者：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Chinese state attempted to administer famine relief partly through a nationwide institution of local granaries. This article explores regional variations in the performance of this institution to understand the reasons for its ultimate breakdown. The evidence suggests granary storage levels were systematically lower in provinces that received more frequent central government disaster relief, and an unintended consequence of disaster relief wa...
作者：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：It is often suggested that an agricultural revolution, currently defined as a rise in the output of arable workers, was a necessary precursor to industrialization and improved living standards. This article provides the first direct measurement of arable workers' average labor productivity for pre-industrial England. Rates are assessed for those production conditions that it is thought resulted in the lowest agrarian labor productivity rates in the pre-industrial period: c. 1300-1348. The rate...
作者：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
