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作者：University of Arizona
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作者：University of Pennsylvania
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作者：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Motion pictures constituted a revolutionary new technology that transformed entertainment-a rival, labor-intensive service-into a non-rival commodity. Combining growth accounting with a new output concept shows productivity growth in entertainment surpassed that in any manufacturing industry between 1900 and 1938. Productivity growth in personal services was not stagnant by definition, as current understanding has it, but instead was unparalleled in some cases. Motion pictures' contribution to...
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作者：Wellesley College; National Bureau of Economic Research; McKinsey & Company
摘要：Using newly collected data, this article compares the wealth and status of New York City households who owned corporate stock to the general population both in 1791, when there were only two corporations in the state, and in 1826, when there were hundreds. The results indicate that although corporate stock was held principally by the city's elite merchants in both periods, share ownership became more widespread over time among less affluent households. In particular, later corporations were ow...
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作者：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
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作者：Tulane University
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作者：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
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作者：Complutense University of Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid; CUNEF Universidad
摘要：Globalization, if defined as the integration of international commodity markets, started in the eighteenth century and progressed gradually and with some setbacks into the nineteenth century, instead of suddenly appearing at some point after the 1820s. We use grain prices in Europe and the Americas to determine the extent and dynamics of market integration throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. An innovative methodology, with special attention being paid to changes in residual dis...
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作者：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：The lessons of history were widely invoked in 2008/09 as analysts and policymakers sought to make sense of the global financial crisis. Specifically, analogies with the early stages of the Great Depression of the 1930s were widely drawn. Building on work in cognitive science and literature on foreign policy making, this article seeks to account for the influence of this particular historical analogy and asks how it shaped both perceptions and the economic policy response. It asks how historica...
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作者：Northwestern University
