2期

最新文章

• Social Mobility in Sweden before the Welfare State AI翻译
  作者：Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS); Uppsala University; Lund University; Lund University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); University of London; University College London; University of Oxford; Stockholm University; Uppsala University; Lund University
  摘要：We use historical census data to show that Sweden exhibited high levels of intergenerational occupational mobility several decades before the rise of the welfare state. Mobility rates were higher than in other nineteenth- and twentieth-century European countries, closer to those observed in the highly mobile nineteenth-century United States. We leverage mobility variation across Swedish municipalities to shed light on potential determinants: economic growth and migration are positively correla...
• The Country They Built: Dynamic and Complex Indigenous Economies in North America before 1492 AI翻译
  作者：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：The economic history of the United States is that of Europeans and their institutions. Indigenous nations are absent. This absence is partly due to a lack of data but perhaps also to a perception that Indigenous communities contributed little to U.S. growth. Three case studies explore the economic complexity and social stratification across different nations/regions prior to contact. Migrants to the United States came not to an empty land but one with settled agriculture, complex production pr...
• Reconstruction Aid, Public Infrastructure, and Economic Development: The Case of the Marshall Plan in Italy AI翻译
  作者：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：The Marshall Plan (1948-1952) was the largest aid transfer in history. This paper estimates its effects on Italy's postwar economic development. It exploits differences between Italian provinces in the value of reconstruction grants they received. Provinces that could modernize their infrastructure more quickly experienced higher increases in agricultural production, especially for perishable crops. In the same provinces, we observe larger investments in labor-saving machines, the entry of mor...
• Editors' Notes AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
• Political Dynasties in Defense of Democracy: The Case of France's 1940 Enabling Act AI翻译
  作者：Universite Paris Saclay; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
  摘要：The literature has pointed out the negative aspects of political dynasties. But can political dynasties help prevent autocratic reversals? We argue that political dynasties differ according to their ideological origin and that those whose founder was a defender of democratic ideals, for simplicity labeled pro-democratic dynasties, show stronger support for democracy. We analyze the vote by the French parliament on 10 July 1940 of an enabling act that granted full power to Marshall Philippe Pet...
• Slouching Towards Utopia: An Economic History of the Twentieth Century AI翻译
  作者：Auburn University System; Auburn University; National Bureau of Economic Research
• The Economic Consequences of US Mobilization for the Second World War AI翻译
  作者：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
• The Feudal Origins of Manorial Prosperity: Social Interactions in Eleventh-Century England AI翻译
  作者：Radboud University Nijmegen; University of Antwerp
  摘要：Does the prosperity of medieval manors depend on their position in the feudal system? How large are these effects? And what are the underlying economic mechanisms? Using Domesday Book, a unique country-wide survey conducted by William the Conqueror, we reinterpret the eleventh-century English feudal system as a network in which manors are linked to one another based on their common ownership structure. Both a reduced-form and a more structural approach reveal the existence of external economie...
• Whitelashing: Black Politicians, Taxes, and Violence AI翻译
  作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：This paper provides the first evidence of the effect of tax policy on violent attacks against Black politicians. I find a positive effect of local tax revenue on subsequent violence against Black politicians. A dollar increase in per capita county taxes in 1870 increased the likelihood of a violent attack by more than 25 percent. The result is robust to controls for numerous economic, historical, and political factors. I also find counties where Black officeholders were attacked have the large...
• The Impact of Business Cycle Conditions on Firm Dynamics and Composition AI翻译
  作者：Artunc, Cihan
  摘要：This paper estimates the causal impact of short-term aggregate fluctuations in Egypt, 1911-48, using global cotton price shocks. Firm entry was procyclical, and exit was acyclical. There were persistent differences between cohorts over the cycle; expansionary cohorts were of lower quality. The evidence supports models of firm entry with ex-ante heterogeneity. The findings highlight the extensive margin of entry as the primary adjustment mechanism. As a result, recessions had a strong isolation...