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作者：COHEN, D
摘要：This paper gives a valuation formula for LDC debt which is used to assess: (1) the price at which a buy-back of the debt is advantageous to the country; (2) the value to the creditors of having the flows of payment guaranteed against the extrinsic stochastic disturbances faced by the country; and (3) the trade-off between growth of payments and levels of payments. We finally offer an assessment of the Mexican agreement reached early in 1990.
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作者：BACKUS, DK; SMITH, GW
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; New York University
摘要：We examine the possibility that non-traded goods may account for several striking features of international macroeconomic data: large, persistent deviations from purchasing power parity, small correlations of aggregate consumption fluctuations across countries, and substantial international real interest rate differentials. A dynamic, exchange economy is used to show that non-traded goods in principle can account for each of these phenomena. In the theory there is a close relation between fluc...
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作者：MULLIN, JJ
摘要：This paper demonstrates that, under dual exchange markets, explicit tariffs-cum-subsidies on merchandise transactions raise the spread between the parallel and official exchange rates and, thereby, create implicit tariffs-cum-subsidies on capital account transactions. This implies that merchandise tariffs-cum-subsidies assume more of the properties of official exchange rate devaluations under dual exchange markets than under unified exchange markets. The two policies are equivalent when there ...
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作者：KOHLI, U
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：This paper reports empirical estimates of one of the most popular models of international trade theory, the specific-factors model. Two outputs - consumption goods and investment goods - and two factors - labor and capital - are considered. Labor is assumed to be mobile between sectors, while capital is assumed to be sector specific. Assuming that the relative supplies of the two types of capital are constant through time, the model can be estimated with aggregate data even though the sector-s...
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作者：MOORE, MO; SURANOVIC, SM
作者单位：George Washington University
摘要：Arguments for strategic trade intervention with Cournot duopolists are reconsidered in a model where domestic firms can lobby for increased subsidies. An export subsidy may not improve national welfare if lobbying costs are included. Even if an optimal positive subsidy exists, the government needs information about lobbying effectiveness in order to correctly implement the program.
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作者：FINGER, JM
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作者：BRENTON, PA; WINTERS, LA
作者单位：University of Birmingham
摘要：Following the imposition of a quantitative import restriction someone somewhere must be quantity rationed. Concentrating on demand we develop methods to test and allow for the presence of rationing in the estimation of demand equations and in the calculation of the welfare effects of quantitative restrictions. Using a CES model we analyse the voluntary export restraints on U.K. imports of two types of leather footwear from Comecon countries. The results suggest that, even if prices did not ris...
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作者：RICHARDSON, M
摘要：Traditional positive analysis of preferential trading areas has focused on the trade-offs between (beneficial) trade creation and (potentially harmful) trade diversion. We consider the latter phenomenon in the formation of a free-trade area (FTA) between countries where tariffs against non-members are set endogenously. We show that such tariffs will fall consequent to the formation of FTAs and trade diversion is likely to become trade creation. This is illustrated in a model in which tariffs a...
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作者：AOKI, R; PRUSA, TJ
摘要：We examine the effect of alternative standards for intellectual property protection. Uniform protection, based on the GATT principle of non-discrimination, provides domestic and foreign firms with the same level of protection. Discriminatory protection, based on Section 337 of the U.S. trade laws, provides different levels of protection depending upon where the firm is located. We show that discriminatory protection may not increase (and may decrease) domestic R&D. The effect of asymmetric pat...
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作者：DICK, AR
