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作者：Dinopoulos, E; Thompson, P
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：We estimate two versions of Romer's model of endogenous technological change that allow for population growth and human capital accumulation. In one of these versions, estimates from international cross-sectional data yield parameter values that are consistent with prior information, and tests of overidentifying restrictions are not rejected. Trade openness increases the effectiveness with which human capital generates new knowledge, and improves the model's predictive performance. The Romer m...
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作者：Maggi, G; Rodríguez-Clare, A
作者单位：Princeton University; University of Chicago
摘要：In this paper we reconsider a key empirical prediction generated by an important class of political-economy models of trade policy, namely that trade protection should be higher in sectors characterized by lower import penetration (we call this the 'standard' prediction). The existing empirical evidence offers little support for this prediction. In this paper we argue that the standard prediction depends critically on the assumptions that trade taxes are the only policy instruments and that th...
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作者：Freund, C
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：This paper examines the interaction between preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and multilateral tariff reduction in a model of imperfect competition. A growing literature finds that the formation of PTAs alters the incentives for and the sustainability of multilateral tariff reduction. We show that the causation is not one-sided: multilateral tariff reduction also affects the formation of PTAs. Specifically, tariff reduction enhances the incentives to form a PTA and increases the likelihood ...
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作者：Winters, LA; Chang, W
作者单位：University of Sussex; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Columbia University
摘要：This paper argues that the effect of regional trading preferences on members of blocs and on excluded countries should be investigated by looking at their effects on the prices at which trade occurs. It offers, we believe, the first ex post empirical exercise of this kind, exploring the effect of Spanish accession to the EC on the prices of imports from major OECD suppliers. Using a simple theoretical model and detailed data on trade in finished manufactures, the results suggest that accession...
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作者：Lahiri, A
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：This paper uses a model with endogenous labor supply to study exchange rate-based inflation stabilization programs under uncertainty regarding the duration of the program. The paper finds that the output and consumption dynamics induced by these programs are extremely sensitive to whether the programs are perceived to have a chance of continuing permanently or whether they are expected to end in finite time. It is shown that the business cycle dynamics for output that are typically associated ...
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作者：Svensson, J
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Why has the macroeconomic impact of foreign aid seemingly been so poor? Is there a relationship between the widespread level of corruption and other types of rent-seeking activities and concessional assistance? To answer these questions we provide a simple game-theoretic rent-seeking model. The model has a number of implications. First, under certain circumstances, an increase in government revenue lowers the provision of public goods. Second, the mere expectation of aid may suffice to increas...
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作者：Hau, H
作者单位：ESSEC Business School
摘要：This paper introduces factor (labor) markets into the intertemporal monetary model of Obstfeld and Rogoff and combines this richer market structure with a new utility-independent representation of nontradeables. This allows us to explore the international monetary transmission mechanism for factor price (wage) rigidities under different degrees of macroeconomic openness. Factor price rigidities imply similar properties for the international transmission mechanism as domestic producer price rig...
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作者：Baldwin, RE; Forslid, R
作者单位：Lund University
摘要：This paper introduces a new approach to the analysis of endogenous growth effects and uses it to illustrate two novel trade-and-growth links. The approach's simplicity allows us to introduce scale economies and imperfect competition into the R&D and financial intermediation sectors of a Romer-Grossman-Helpman endogenous growth model. We show that trade liberalisation can stimulate growth via a procompetitive effect in the R&D sector and/or financial sector. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All. ...
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作者：Marquez, J
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA
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作者：Konrad, KA
作者单位：Free University of Berlin
摘要：In this paper a new benchmark case for describing international trade is analysed: trade transactions as the outcome of contests between rival exporting firms. Contests between firms trigger non-cooperative strategic trade policies by countries. In the non-cooperative subgame perfect equilibrium, one country subsidizes its domestic firm, the other country chooses an export tax. Both exporting countries are better off than in the equilibrium without strategic trade policy. (C) 2000 Elsevier Sci...
