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作者：Slaughter, MJ
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College
摘要：In this article I analyze whether trade liberalization contributes to per capita income convergence across countries. The analysis focuses on four post-1945 multilateral trade liberalizations. To identify trade's effect on income dispersion, in each case I use a 'difference in differences' approach which compares the convergence pattern among the liberalizing countries before and after liberalization with the convergence pattern among control countries, chosen using a variety of methods, befor...
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作者：Klein, MW
作者单位：Tufts University
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作者：Smith, PJ
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：This paper analyzes how foreign patent rights (FPRs) affect US exports, affiliate sales, and licenses. Our approach is distinctive in three ways. We apply ownership, location, and internalization concepts to link FPRs with servicing decisions. We account for the simultaneity of servicing decisions. We estimate the relative effects of FPRs on exports, affiliate sales, and licenses. Empirical findings show strong FPRs increase US affiliate sales and licenses, particularly across countries with s...
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作者：Xu, B
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：The effects of technical progress on relative factor prices in the two-country, two-good, two-factor Heckscher-Ohlin model are investigated. Technical progress is classified according to factor-augmenting bias, factor-using bias, and sector bias. A complete set of relations between technical progress parameters and relative factor prices, depending on the elasticities of substitution in demand and in production, are worked out. The relative importance of factor bias and sector bias of technica...
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作者：Bond, EW; Syropoulos, C; Winters, LA
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida International University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Sussex
摘要：We construct a three-country, two-bloc, multi-product trade model in which tariff agreements between customs union members are binding whereas inter-bloc tariff agreements are self-enforcing. Our main objective is to explore how the liberalization of trade between customs union members (i.e. the deepening of regional integration) affects the sustainability of tariff agreements with the rest of the world (ROW). We derive conditions under which Kemp-Wan [Kemp, M.C. and ii. Wan, Jr., 1976, An ele...
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作者：Hakura, DS
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper examines the role of international differences in production techniques in explaining the empirical failure of the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) model. It develops a modified HOV model that relaxes the assumption of identical production techniques across countries and can be estimated using input-output data of individual countries. The contribution of international differences in techniques to net factor trade patterns is then isolated by comparing the performance of the strict and m...
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作者：Branstetter, LG
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：In this paper, I provide new estimates of the relative impact of intranational and international knowledge spillovers on innovation and productivity at the firm level, using previously unexploited panel data from the U.S. and Japan. My estimates suggest that knowledge spillovers are primarily intranational in scope, providing empirical confirmation of an important assumption in much of the theoretical literature. The implications of this finding are discussed in the conclusion. (C) 2001 Elsevi...
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作者：Skaksen, MY; Sorensen, JR
作者单位：University of Southern Denmark; Aarhus University
摘要：It is often argued that FDI hurts workers in the home country because jobs are moved abroad. Contrary to that view, businessmen often argue that FDI benefits home workers because there will be an expansion in the firm. We show that both views may be corrects and whether home workers gain or lose on FDI depends on which kinds of activities the firm moves to the host country. If there is a big degree of substitutability (complementarity) between activities in the home country and activities in t...
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作者：Rodrik, D; van Ypersele, T
作者单位：University of Namur; University of Namur; Universite Catholique Louvain; Harvard University
摘要：Basic economic theory identifies a number of efficiency gains that derive from international capital mobility. But just as with free trade in goods, there is no guarantee that capital mobility makes everyone better off. Consequently, capital mobility may be politically unsustainable even though it enhances efficiency. This paper discusses how such a dilemma might arise, and suggests that international tax coordination might serve as a way out under some circumstances. (C) 2001 Published by Els...
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作者：Peek, J; Rosengren, ES
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Boston
摘要：Since August 1995, Japanese banks have had to pay a premium on Eurodollar and Euroyen interbank loans relative to their U.S. and U.K. competitors. This so-called Japan premium provides a market indicator of investor anxiety about the ability of Japanese banks to repay loans. We examine the determinants of the Japan premium and find that government announcements not associated with concrete actions had little impact. On the other hand, announcements of concrete actions by the Japanese governmen...
