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作者：Irwin, DA; Pavcnik, N
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This paper examines international competition in the commercial aircraft industry. We estimate a discrete choice, differentiated products demand system for wide-body aircraft and examine the Airbus-Boeing rivalry under various assumptions on firm conduct. We then use this structure to evaluate two trade disputes between the United States and European Union. Our results suggest that aircraft prices increased by about 3.7% after the 1992 US-EU agreement on trade in civil aircraft that limits sub...
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作者：Devereux, MB; Engel, C; Storgaard, PE
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of British Columbia; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper develops a model of endogenous exchange rate pass-through within an open economy macroeconomic framework, where both pass-through and the exchange rate are simultaneously determined, and interact with one another, Pass-through is endogenous because firms choose the currency in which they set their export prices. There is a unique equilibrium rate of pass-through under the condition that exchange rate volatility rises as the degree of pass-through falls. We show that the relationship...
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作者：Benigno, P
作者单位：New York University
摘要：This paper investigates how monetary policy should be conducted in a two-region general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition and price stickiness. This framework delivers a simple welfare criterion based on the utility of the consumers that can be used to evaluate monetary policy in a currency area. If the two regions share the same degree of nominal rigidity, the terms of trade are completely insulated from monetary policy and the optimal outcome is obtained by targeting a weighted...
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作者：Bown, CP
作者单位：Brandeis University; Brandeis University
摘要：This paper is a first attempt to empirically determine why countries choose to violate or adhere to GATT rules when making trade policy adjustments between negotiating rounds. We use a previously unexploited set of data in which countries implemented two 'types' of protection under the GATT system between 1973 and 1994: (i) 'legal' protection in which countries utilized the GATT's safeguards provisions; and (ii) 'illegal' protection in which the protection was provided outside of the safeguard...
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作者：Ruckman, K
作者单位：Concordia University - Canada
摘要：U.S. mutual fund companies offer funds in Canada through two channels: foreign direct investment or trade in advisement services. The total value of U.S.-controlled funds amounts to 18% of the Canadian equity fund market. This paper investigates how the fund-level and firm-level characteristics affect the channel used to enter the Canadian market. Empirical results indicate that the funds offered through FDI are not especially successful in the U.S. market but are associated with dominant comp...
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作者：Grossman, GM; Helpman, E
作者单位：Princeton University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：We develop a model in which the heterogeneous firms in an industry choose their modes of organization and the location of their subsidiaries or suppliers. We assume that the principals of a firm are constrained in the nature of the contracts they can write with suppliers or employees. Our main result concerns the sorting of firms with different productivity levels into different organizational forms. We use the model to examine the implications of falling trade costs for the relevant prevalenc...
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作者：Bai, CE; Du, YJ; Tao, ZG; Tong, SY
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; National University of Singapore
摘要：This paper uses a dynamic panel estimation method to investigate the determinants of regional specialization in China's industries, paying particular attention to local protectionism. Less geographic concentration is found in industries where the past tax-plus-profit margins and the shares of state ownership are high, reflecting stronger local government protection of these industries. The evidence also supports the scale-economies theory of regional specialization. Finally, the overall time t...
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作者：Debaere, P
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This paper addresses the empirical question whether the regional distribution of production factors within countries is ever so uneven that it triggers specialization of production that makes regions produce different sets of goods at different factor prices. Due to the different welfare effects of trade policy in a country with regional specialization, this is an important question. In addition, it is a question about the legitimacy of treating a country as a relatively homogenous unit. In an...
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作者：An, G; Iyigun, MF
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We examine empirically whether countries with relatively little production and export experience specialize in the production and export of more standardized and lower-technology products, and those with more production experience produce and export more recently developed and higher-technology products. Using panel data covering 127 countries and the period between 1970 and 1997, we find that export experience does help to account for the variation in export content. Exporting experience infl...
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作者：Norbäck, PJ; Persson, L
作者单位：Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)
摘要：This paper determines the equilibrium market structure in an international oligopoly, where a state enterprise is sold at an auction. The paper suggests that high greenfield costs and high trade costs do not necessarily induce foreign acquisitions in privatizations, despite the fact that foreign firms would gain considerably from acquiring in such situations. The reason is that domestic firms can then prevent foreign firms from becoming strong local competitors and thus, their willingness to p...
