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作者：Neary, J. Peter
作者单位：University College Dublin
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作者：Davidson, C
作者单位：Michigan State University
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作者：Naito, T
作者单位：Institute of Science Tokyo; Tokyo Institute of Technology
摘要：In an endogenously growing small open economy with a capital good and a consumption good, we characterize the optimal combination of an import tariff and consumption taxes under the revenue neutrality constraint. Focusing on the case in which the economy imports the capital good, we obtain two main results. First, consumption of the capital good is distorted more than the consumption good at the optimum. Second, the optimal tariff rate is positive, implying that free trade is not optimal even ...
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作者：Lombardo, G
作者单位：European Central Bank
摘要：This paper studies the effect on monetary policy of differing degrees of competition and differing degrees of nominal rigidity between the members of a monetary union. In particular, we assess the welfare loss brought about by the use of a simple interest rate rule that does not take into account such structural differences. Our results show that, ceteris paribus, to maximize welfare the central bank should react more strongly to inflation pressure generated by the more competitive economies. ...
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作者：Schmitt, N; Soubeyran, A
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; University of Geneva
摘要：This paper analyzes the allocation of two types of individuals differentiated by talent between two countries where they choose to be workers or entrepreneurs. An equilibrium with international migration exists when countries' talent endowments are sufficiently different. It is consistent with one-way or two-way migration whether individuals are entrepreneurs or workers. Although allowing migration increases domestic welfare in one country and decreases it in the other, it is always supported ...
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作者：Edmonds, Eric V.; Pavcnik, Nina
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Dartmouth College; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We consider the relationship between relative price changes and the allocation of labor between households and the formal wage labor market in the context of Vietnam's liberalization of its rice trade in the 1990s. Many individuals in poor economies work within their own household rather than in formal labor markets. We find that larger rice price increases in a community are associated with declines in hours adults devote to work within the household and increases in time spent in the wage la...
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作者：Kose, MA; Yi, KM
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：Recent empirical research finds that pairs of countries with stronger trade linkages tend to have more highly correlated business cycles. We assess whether the standard international business cycle framework can replicate this intuitive result. We employ a three-country model with transportation costs. We simulate the effects of increased goods market integration under two asset market structures, complete markets and international financial autarky. Our main finding is that under both asset m...
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作者：Molana, Hassan; Montagna, Catia
作者单位：University of Dundee; University of Nottingham
摘要：Using a two-sector-two-country model with aggregate scale economies and unionisation, we show that optimal welfare state policy entails positive levels of unemployment 'benefits under free-trade and capital mobility. In this setting, economic integration does not reduce the revenue raising capacity of governments and thus does not lead to a race-to-the-bottom in social standards. Instead, trade and capital flows interact with welfare state policies in increasing welfare even when each governme...
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作者：Gonzaga, G; Menezes, N; Terra, C
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade de Sao Paulo
摘要：Skilled labor earnings differentials decreased during the trade liberalization implemented in Brazil from 1988 to 1995. This paper investigates the role of trade liberalization in explaining these relative earnings movements. We perform several independent empirical exercises that check the traditional trade transmission mechanism,, using disaggregated data oil tariffs, prices, earnings, employment and skill intensity. We find that: i) employment shifted from skilled to unskilled intensive sec...
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作者：Kalemli-Ozcan, S
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; National Bureau of Economic Research
