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作者：BALLARD, CL; MEDEMA, SG
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：Using 1983 data, we develop a 19-sector computational general equilibrium model, incorporating producer producer externalities and producer-consumer externalities. Simulation results indicate that when additional government expenditure is financed by Pigouvian taxes, the marginal cost of public funds is substantially below one. Labor, sales, and output taxes also affect the output of the polluting industries, and thus have indirect Pigouvian effects which tend to reduce the associated marginal...
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作者：SHARKEY, WW; SIBLEY, DS
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：In this paper we characterize the Pareto-optimal set of non-linear pricing schedules when non-negative weights are assigned to each customer type. Our analysis first compares general non-linear tariff schedules and sets of self-selecting two-part tariffs, when there are two customer types and the cost function is linear. We then derive optimal sets of two-part tariffs for arbitrary numbers of customer types and general cost functions. We also consider the sustainability of non-linear pricing s...
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作者：POGODZINSKI, JM; SJOQUIST, DL
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：This paper presents two specifications of a simple general equilibrium model of a local public goods economy in which median voters determine the tax-expenditure package in each jurisdiction. Within the context of this model, two alternative tax regimes, a local income tax and a property tax, are compared. Prices, incomes, utility levels and the allocation of individuals across jurisdictions are shown to depend on the tax regime.
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作者：HOLMLUND, B; LINDEN, J
摘要：The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the macroeconomic effects of temporary public employment programs ('relief jobs'). The framework is a matching model where wages are determined by Nash bargains between individual firms and workers. Public employment programs have a direct job placement effect which tends to reduce unemployment. There is also an effect on wage pressure, the direction of this effect hinges on whether the programs are aimed at increasing unemployment outflow or reduci...
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作者：ARNOTT, R; KRAUS, M
作者单位：Boston College
摘要：In recent years, a new set of models drawing on Vickrey (1969) has been developed to analyze the economics of congestible facilities. These models are structural in that they derive the cost function from consumers' time-of-use decisions and the congestion technology. Standard models, in contrast, simply assume the general form of the cost function. We apply the new approach to analyze the Ramsey problem for a congestible facility, and show that the solution generally entails cost inefficiency...
