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作者：Bennett, John; Iossa, Elisabetta
作者单位：Brunel University; Brunel University; University of Bristol
摘要：We model alternative institutional arrangements for building and managing facilities for provision of public services, including the use of the Private Finance Initiative (PFI), by exploring the effects on innovative investment activity by providers. The desirability of bundling the building and management operations is analyzed, and it is considered whether it is optimal to allocate ownership to the public or the private sector. We also examine how the case for PFI is affected by the (volunta...
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作者：Brulhart, Marius; Jametti, Mario
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; York University - Canada
摘要：We study taxation externalities in federations of benevolent governments. Where different hierarchical government levels tax the same base, one can observe two types of externalities: a horizontal externality, working among governments of the same level and leading to tax rates that are too low compared to the social optimum; and a vertical externality, working between different levels of government and leading to suboptimally high tax rates. Building on the model of Keen and Kotsogiannis [Kee...
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作者：Severinov, Sergei
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：This paper explores how bequests affect redistributive fiscal policies. The main premise underlying our approach is that bequests act as a signal of parental affection. It is shown that private transfers in the form of bequests may not offset public transfers to a significant extent, even though such private transfers are altruistically motivated and are strictly positive for all but a negligible set of households. This is notable since these conditions are normally believed to yield a fully o...
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作者：Kleven, Henrik Jacobsen; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup
作者单位：University of Copenhagen
摘要：This paper extends the theory and measurement of the marginal cost of public funds (MCF) to account for labor force participation responses. Our work is motivated by the emerging consensus in the empirical literature that extensive (participation) responses are more important than intensive (hours of work) responses. In the modelling of extensive responses, we argue that it is crucial to account for the presence of non-convexities created by fixed work costs. In a non-convex framework, tax and...
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作者：Cremer, Helmuth; Gahvari, Firouz
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Universite de Toulouse
摘要：This paper posits a two-stage game in tax regime and tax rates to study the property of second-best emission and output taxes in a two-country world with an atmospheric externality. It shows that (i) either the destination-destination or the origin-origin tax regime may constitute the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of this game; (ii) either regime may Pareto-dominate the other;. (iii) it is possible to have a prisoner's dilemma game where the origin-origin regime Pareto-dominates but the cho...
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作者：Panteghini, Paolo M.
作者单位：University of Brescia
摘要：This article studies the characteristics of a S-based tax system under default risk. In particular we show that its neutrality properties depend on whether debt is protected or unprotected. In the former case, this system is neutral. In the latter case, where default timing is optimally chosen by shareholders, the S-based system is neutral with respect to real decisions only if the firm's and the lender's tax rate are equal. However, the shareholders' decision to default is always distorted. (...
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作者：Brueckner, Jan K.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：This paper uses an endogenous-growth model with overlapping generations to explore the connection between fiscal federalism and economic growth. The analysis shows that federalism, which allows public-good levels to be tailored to suit the differing demands of young and old consumers, who live in different jurisdictions, increases the incentive to save. This stronger incentive in turn leads to an increase in investment in human capital, and a byproduct of this higher investment is faster econo...
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作者：O'Donoghue, Ted; Rabin, Matthew
作者单位：Cornell University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We investigate sin taxes on unhealthy items, such as fatty foods, that people may (by their own reckoning) consume too much of We employ a standard optimal-taxation framework, but replace the standard assumption that all consumers have 100% self control with an assumption that some consumers may have some degree of self-control problems. We show that imposing taxes on unhealthy items and returning the proceeds to consumers can generally improve total social surplus. Because such taxes countera...
