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作者：Blumkin, Tomer; Margalioth, Yoram; Sadka, Efraim
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Tel Aviv University
摘要：In this paper, we discuss a novel aspect of affirmative action policy. We examine its redistributive role, asking whether in an egalitarian society, supplementing the tax-transfer system with an affirmative action policy would enhance social welfare. We demonstrate that affirmative action Could be a desirable policy tool even if racial discrimination does not exist in the labor market. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：He, Daifeng
作者单位：William & Mary
摘要：This paper finds evidence for the presence of asymmetric information in the life insurance market, a conclusion contrasting with the existing literature. In particular, we find a significant and positive correlation between the decision to purchase life insurance and subsequent mortality, conditional on risk classification. Individuals who died within a 12-year time window after a base year were 19% more likely to have taken up life insurance in that base year than were those who survived the ...
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作者：Dharmapala, Dhammika; Hines, James R., Jr.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Connecticut
摘要：This paper analyzes the factors influencing whether countries become tax havens. Roughly 15% of countries are tax havens: as has been widely observed. these countries tend to be small and affluent. This paper documents another robust empirical regularity: better-governed countries are much more likely than others to become tax havens. Controlling for other relevant factors, governance quality has a statistically significant and quantitatively large association with the probability of being a t...
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作者：Krause, Alan
作者单位：University of York - UK
摘要：This paper examines a two-period model of optimal nonlinear income taxation with learning-by-doing, in which second-period wages are an increasing function of first-period labour supply. We consider the cases when the government can and cannot commit to its second-period tax policy. In both cases, the canonical Mirrlees/Stiglitz results regarding optimal marginal tax rates generally no longer apply. In particular, if the government cannot commit and each consumer's skill-type is revealed, it i...
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作者：Ghosal, Sayantan; Proto, Eugenio
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：We analyze a model where there is uncertainty about the future power of two ex-ante symmetric elites to appropriate surplus, and ex-ante surplus sharing agreements are not binding. We show that in an oligarchy, the stronger elite appropriates the entire available surplus, whereas a democracy results in a more balanced surplus allocation between the two elites. In a democracy, the newly enfranchised non-elite organize to act collectively, so that the weaker elite can credibly threaten to form a...
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作者：Yoruk, Baris K.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
摘要：People are more likely to contribute to a charity when they are asked to. Although this so-called 'power of asking' is well-known among fundraisers, the existing literature does not pay much attention to the role of donation requests in charitable giving. This paper uses a unique survey that includes a question on whether the respondent is asked to give to estimate the causal effects of charitable solicitations on giving behavior. In order to address the endogeneity of the donation requests du...
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作者：Chiang, Hanley
作者单位：Mathematica
摘要：Although an emerging body of evidence has shown that the threat of sanctions on low-performing schools can raise student test scores in the short run, the extent to which these test score improvements are due to schools' manipulation of the accountability system has remained uncertain. in this paper, I provide two new strands of evidence to evaluate the relative importance of educational reforms and gaming behavior in generating test score gains by threatened schools. First, using a regression...
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作者：Anderberg, Dan
作者单位：University of London; Royal Holloway University London
摘要：This paper considers how optimal education and tax policy depends on the risk properties of human capital. A key feature of human capital investments is whether they increase or decrease wage risk. In a benchmark model it is shown that this feature alone determines whether a constrained optimal allocation should be characterized by a positive or a negative education premium. In the same model a positive intertemporal wedge is optimal. The robustness of these results is explored in two generali...
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作者：Figlio, David N.; Kenny, Lawrence W.
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Over the past several decades there has been dramatically increased attention paid to measuring the performance of public sector and nonprofit organizations in the United States and elsewhere. Recent research has indicated that public sector and nonprofit organizations are responsive to performance measurement in both productive and unproductive ways. However, it is not yet known how stakeholders respond to this measurement. This paper makes use of a unique panel survey dataset of the Populati...
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作者：Bracht, Juergen; Feltovich, Nick
作者单位：University of Aberdeen
摘要：Behavior in trust games has been linked to general notions of trust and trustworthiness, important components of social capital. In the equilibrium of a trust game, the investor does not invest, foreseeing that the allocator would keep all of the returns. We use a human-subjects experiment to test the effects of changes to the game designed to increase cooperation and efficiency. We add a pre-play stage in which the investor receives a cheap-talk message from the allocator, observes the alloca...
