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作者：Kochar, Anjini; Singh, Kesar; Singh, Sukhwinder
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：While local governments are increasingly being vested with control over funds for public goods, concern over the capture of decentralized funds by local elites has led decentralization to be combined with central mandates which require a certain proportion of funds to directly benefit the poor. If local capture is pervasive, however, central mandates may not be effective. Despite the popularity of this combination of decentralization and centralized control, there is little empirical evidence ...
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作者：Lakdawalla, Darius; Sood, Neeraj
作者单位：RAND Corporation; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Rewarding inventors with inefficient monopoly power has long been regarded as the price of encouraging innovation. Prescription drug insurance escapes that trade-off and achieves an elusive goal: lowering static deadweight loss, without reducing incentives for innovation. As a result of this feature, the public provision of drug insurance can be welfare-improving, even for risk-neutral and purely self-interested consumers. The design of insurers' cost-sharing schedules can either reinforce or ...
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作者：Birchenall, Javier A.; Soares, Rodrigo R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：This paper accounts for the value of children and future generations in the evaluation of health policies. This is achieved through the incorporation of altruism and fertility in a value of life type of framework. We are able to express adults' willingness to pay for changes in child mortality and also to incorporate the welfare of future generations in the evaluation of current policies. Our model clarifies a series of puzzles from the literature on the value of life and on intergenerational ...
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作者：Korinek, Anton; Stiglitz, Joseph E.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Columbia University
摘要：We analyze the effects of changes in dividend tax policy using a life-cycle model of the firm, in which new firms first access equity markets, then grow internally, and finally pay dividends when they have reached steady state. We find that unanticipated permanent changes in tax rates have only small effects on aggregate investment, since macroeconomic dynamics are dominated by mature firms for which dividend taxation is not distortionary. Anticipated or temporary dividend tax changes, on the ...
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作者：Frisell, Lars
摘要：In their pursuit of being re-elected, politicians might not choose high-quality policies but just conform to popular wisdom. The larger are the office spoils, and the more precise is an incumbent's knowledge of voter opinion, the more likely that she will resort to such populism. My main result is that the public's trust or distrust in politicians' behavior may be self-fulfilling. When voters assess the quality of an incumbent politician, they will Compare her policy choices with their own pri...
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作者：Yaniv, Gideon; Rosin, Odelia; Tobol, Yossef
作者单位：College of Management Academic Studies; Bar Ilan University; Ariel University
摘要：In an effort to reduce the growing prevalence of obesity, a tax on junk-foods, known as 'fat tax', has been proposed, the revenue from which could be used to finance a 'thin subsidy' for healthy foods or exercising equipment. The present paper addresses the fat tax and thin subsidy within a food-intake rational-choice model. Assuming that healthy meals are cooked at home with purchased ingredients and time input, the paper examines the effects on obesity of a tax on junk-food meals and a subsi...
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作者：Fan, C. Simon; Lin, Chen; Treisman, Daniel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; City University of Hong Kong; Lingnan University
摘要：How does political decentralization affect the frequency and costliness of bribe extraction by corrupt officials? Previous empirical studies, using subjective indexes of perceived corruption and mostly fiscal indicators of decentralization, have suggested conflicting conclusions. In search of more precise findings, we combine and explore two new data sources-an original cross-national data set on particular types of decentralization and the results of a firm level survey conducted in 80 countr...
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作者：Adriani, Fabrizio; Sonderegger, Silvia
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of London; University of London School Oriental & African Studies (SOAS)
摘要：We present a model of intergenerational transmission of pro-social values in which parents have information about relevant characteristics of society that is not directly available to their children. Differently from existing models of cultural transmission of values (such as Bisin and Verdier, 2001; Tabellini, 2008) we assume that parents are exclusively concerned with their children's material welfare. If parents coordinate their educational choices, a child would look at her system of value...
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作者：Petrongolo, Barbara
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Paris School of Economics
摘要：This paper investigates long-term returns from unemployment compensation, exploiting variation from the UK JSA reform of 1996, which implied a major increase in job search requirements for eligibility and in the related administrative hurdle. Search theory predicts that such changes should raise the proportion of nonclaimant nonemployed, with consequences on search effort and labor market attachment, and lower the reservation wage of the unemployed, with negative effects on post-unemployment w...
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作者：Hungerbuhler, Mathias; Lehmann, Etienne
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; University of Namur; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：We build a theoretical model to study whether a minimum wage call be welfare-improving if it is implemented in conjunction with an optimized nonlinear income tax. We consider this issue in a framework where search frictions on the labor market generate unemployment. Workers differ in productivity. the government does not observe workers' productivity but Only their wages. Hence, the redistributive policy solves an adverse selection problem. We show that a minimum wage is optimal if the bargain...
