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作者：CURRIE, J
摘要：The variance of arbitrated wage settlements is significantly lower than the variance of negotiated wage settlements in a sample of teachers' contracts, even when possible selection of contracts into arbitration is accounted for. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that arbitrated settlements do not incorporate all of the information that is reflected in negotiated settlements.
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作者：STERN, S
摘要：This article considers a model in which the productivity of a worker depends on his experience, ability, and position in the firm. It is shown that workers are sorted in positions based on comparative advantage. Furthermore, workers are induced to retire when productivity is equal to the value of time after adjusting for the reallocation of other workers by positions that would occur if the worker retired.
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作者：CARRINGTON, WJ; ZAMAN, A
作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University
摘要：Job displacement entails a substantial wage reduction for most displaced workers. We show that the mean reduction, the tenure profile of reductions, and the experience profile of reductions all vary substantially across industries. We then link this interindustry variation to analogous variation in firm size, unionization, wage levels, and the incidence of employer-provided training. While these industry characteristics explain some of the interindustry variation in mean wage reductions, they ...
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作者：DOWRICK, S; SPENCER, BJ
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：The response of union utility to labor-saving innovation is analyzed within a framework of oligopolistic competition in the product market, taking account of wage bargaining under several alternative structures of industrial relations. Conditions are established under which wages and employment will rise or fall in response to innovation. Union opposition tends to occur when union preferences are weighted in favor of jobs and labor demand is perceived to be inelastic. Thus opposition is more l...
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作者：BOUND, J; BROWN, C; DUNCAN, GJ; RODGERS, WL
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article investigates error properties of survey reports of labor market variables. We use the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) Validation Study, a two-wave panel survey of workers employed by a large firm that shared its detailed payroll records. Individuals' reports of annual earnings are fairly accurate. Errors are negatively related to true earnings, reducing bias due to measurement error when earnings are used as an independent variable. Biases are moderately larger for changes i...
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作者：PERACCHI, F; WELCH, F
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：We use the Current Population Survey to describe what we believe are the most salient aspects of labor force behavior of older men and women during the last 2 decades. First, we show that early retirement has increased dramatically, and this trend continued through the 1980s. Second, we show that the factors that most sharply distinguish propensities toward early retirement are those usually associated with low wages. Third, we show that trends in reduced participation for older men parallel t...
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作者：GRAMM, CL; SCHNELL, JF
摘要：This study examines the difficult choice faced by members of a striking bargaining unit between withholding labor or crossing the picket line in violation of the prevailing behavioral norm. Using duration analysis, we test a model of crossing behavior using data on individual football players during the 1987 National Football League strike. A notable finding is that nonwhite players are less willing to cross the picket line if their team union representative is also nonwhite. Willingness to cr...
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作者：BAKER, M; BENJAMIN, D
摘要：In this article we examine the economic assimilation of immigrants to Canada. We provide new evidence on immigrants who arrived in the 1970s and document an increase in the dispersion of labor market outcomes across immigrants of different vintages over time. Our results confirm U.S. evidence of ''permanent'' differences across immigrant cohorts. What distinguishes the Canadian experience is small or negative rates of assimilation for most cohorts over the sample period. Finally, we test the o...
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作者：SWAIM, P; PODGURSKY, M
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Following permanent layoffs most women search for new jobs, but some withdraw from the labor force. We develop a joint model of the choice to undertake postdisplacement job search and unemployment durations for searchers and estimate it, using data from the 1988 Displace Worker Survey. Maximum likelihood estimates of this ''split-population'' model show that labor force withdrawal is an important factor explaining the distribution of postdisplacement jobless spells. The model also allows us to...
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作者：MACLEOD, WB; MALCOMSON, JM; GOMME, P
作者单位：University of Southampton; Simon Fraser University
摘要：Wage and unemployment responses to changes in economic environment are compared for efficiency wage and frictional models. Changes in aggregate demand, persistence of job-specific shocks, cost of living, and unemployment benefits are considered. Wages and unemployment move in the same direction in the two models, except that an upward shift in aggregate labor demand can reduce the real wage in the efficiency wage, but not the frictional, model. In a numerical simulation calibrated to U.S. data...
