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作者：Card, D
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This article uses 1990 census data to study the effects of immigrant inflows on occupation-specific labor market outcomes. I find that intercity mobility rates of natives and earlier immigrants are insensitive to immigrant inflows. However, occupation-specific wages and employment rates are systematically lower in cities with higher relative supplies of workers in a given occupation. The results imply that immigrant inflows over the 1980s reduced wages and employment rates of low-skilled nativ...
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作者：Stinebrickner, TR
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：The labor supply decisions of certified elementary and high school teachers are examined using data from a general longitudinal survey. A significant decrease in the teaching participation rate takes place over time after teacher certification. Previously unavailable marital and fertility variables provide new insight into reasons for this decrease. Descriptive statistics indicate that high-ability teachers choose to teach a smaller proportion of time than other teachers. A dynamic, discrete-c...
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作者：Acemoglu, D
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This article develops a model of noncompetitive labor markets in which high-wage (good) and low-wage (bad) jobs co-exist. Minimum wages and unemployment benefits shift the composition of employment toward high-wage jobs. Because the composition of jobs in the laissez-faire equilibrium is inefficiently biased toward low-wage jobs, these labor market regulations increase average labor productivity and may improve welfare.
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作者：Light, A
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Students often accumulate substantial work experience before leaving school. Because conventional earnings functions do not control for in-school work experience, their estimates of the return to schooling include the benefit of work experience gained along the way. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, I estimate wage models with and without controls for in-school work experience. The estimated schooling coefficients are 25%-44% higher (depending on how I control for abil...
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作者：Weinberg, BA
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Exploiting long term interindustry demand shifts, this article provides evidence that (1) industry-level wages do not respond to industry demand conditions; (2) at the industry level, the employment of young workers responds more to demand shifts than does the employment of experienced workers; and (3) the postdisplacement wages of displaced workers are strongly affected by demand in their predisplacement industries. These findings are consistent with a model in which worker's investments in i...
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作者：Hogan, C
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：In a world in which employment contracts are incomplete, it is costly for a firm to establish credibility for honoring implicit terms of employment agreements. By monitoring the employment relationships between the firm and its workers, the labor union may provide the workforce with valuable information regarding the firm's adherence to these implicit agreements. Thus, the union provides a signaling mechanism that allows workers to coordinate their actions in order to discipline the firm for a...
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作者：McLaughlin, KJ; Bils, M
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); University of Rochester; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We investigate whether a market-clearing model is consistent with industry employment and wage patterns related to the cyclical upgrading of labor. We demonstrate that Roy's (1951) market-clearing model of self-selection would account for cyclical upgrading if industries were characterized by positive selection. Wage comparisons of industry movers and stayers in panel data do reveal widespread positive selection. Also consistent with the Roy model, composition-corrected industry wages are more...
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作者：Leete, L
作者单位：Willamette University
摘要：This article provides new estimates of the nonprofit/for-profit wage differential in the U.S. economy. Using observations on 4.1 million private-sector employees from the 1990 census, I find either zero or slightly positive economy-wide wage differences between nonprofit and for-profit employees in a standard earnings equation format. Significant wage differentials are found at the disaggregated occupation and industry level and provide a basis for testing hypotheses explaining nonprofit/for-p...
