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作者：Ichino, A; Winter-Ebmer, R
作者单位：Universite de Bretagne Occidentale; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Johannes Kepler University Linz; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：An important component of the long-run cost of a war is the loss of human capital suffered by school-age children who receive less education. Austrian and German individuals who were 10 years old during the conflict, or were more directly involved through their parents, received less education than comparable individuals from nonwar countries, such as Switzerland and Sweden. We also show that these individuals experienced a sizable earnings loss some 40 years after the war, which can be attrib...
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作者：Courty, P; Marschke, G
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
摘要：This article studies a particular kind of gaming responses to explicit incentives in a large government organization. The gaming responses we consider occur when agents strategically report their performance outcomes to maximize their awards. An important contribution of this work is to examine whether this behavior diverts resources (e.g., agents' time) from productive activities or whether it simply reflects an accounting phenomenon. We evaluate the efficiency impact of the behavior we ident...
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作者：Light, A; Omori, Y
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Otaru University of Commerce
摘要：We investigate an unexplored avenue through which unemployment insurance increases unemployment. As unemployment insurance benefits rise, workers lose incentive to preempt impending layoffs by changing jobs. We formalize this prediction in a job search model and investigate it empirically by estimating a proportional hazard model with data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, using state- and year-specific algorithms to compute each worker's expected unemployment insurance bene...
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作者：Gallin, JH
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：Existing empirical estimates of net migration models are not identified because they lack an explicit measure of expected future conditions. I find that using actual one-period-ahead net migration at the state level to control for expectations reduces the strength of the relationship between current wages and net migration by more than one-third. I use the case of Michigan to show how existing empirical models mischaracterize the response of migration to shocks that are expected to be transito...
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作者：Hirsch, BT; Macpherson, DA
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：Wages for black and white workers are substantially lower in occupations with a high density of black employees, following standard controls. Such correlations can exist absent discrimination or as a result of discrimination. In wage level equations, partial correlations fall sharply after controlling for occupational skills. Longitudinal estimates accounting for worker heterogeneity indicate little wage change associated with changes in racial composition. Results support a quality sorting ra...
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作者：Henrekson, M; Persson, M
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Stockholm University
摘要：To get a more complete picture of how labor supply is affected by economic incentives, the effects on absenteeism should be taken into account. In particular, absenteeism due to sick leave can be considerable. We examine whether the level of sick leave compensation affects sick leave behavior. Using long time series data (1955-99) for Sweden with numerous changes of the compensation level, we generally find strong effects. Reforms implying more generous compensation for sick leave tend to be a...
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作者：van den Berg, GJ; van der Klaauw, B; van Ours, JC
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tinbergen Institute; Tilburg University
摘要：In the Netherlands, the average exit rate out of welfare is dramatically low. Most welfare recipients have to comply with guidelines on job search effort that are imposed by the welfare agency. If they do not, then a sanction in the form of a temporary benefit reduction can be imposed. This article investigates the effect of such sanctions on the transition rate from welfare to work using a unique set of rich register data on welfare recipients. We find that the imposition of sanctions substan...
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作者：Ahituv, A; Tienda, M
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Princeton University
摘要：We examine the empirical relationship between early employment activity and school continuation decisions for young American women using a dynamic, sequential discrete-choice framework that estimates schooling, labor supply, and birth decisions jointly, controlling for unobserved heterogeneity and the endogeneity of these life cycle decisions. That the rate of school withdrawal increases as work intensity rises helps explain the higher departure rates of Hispanic girls from secondary school an...
