2期

最新文章

• Using military deployments and job assignments to estimate the effect of parental absences and household relocations on children's academic achievement AI翻译
  作者：Lyle, DS
  作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Army; United States Military Academy
  摘要：Military deployments and job assignments provide an opportunity to estimate the impact of parental absences and household relocations on children's academic achievement. Combining U. S. Army personnel data with children's standardized test scores from Texas, I find that parental absences adversely affect children's test scores by a tenth of a standard deviation. Likewise, household relocations have modest negative effects on children's test scores. Both parental absences and household relocati...
• Technical change, job tasks, and rising educational demands: Looking outside the wage structure AI翻译
  作者：Spitz-Oener, A
  作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin
  摘要：Empirical work has been limited in its ability to directly study whether skill requirements in the workplace have been rising and whether these changes have been related to technological change. This article answers these questions using a unique data set from West Germany that enabled me to look at how skill requirements have changed within occupations. I show that occupations require more complex skills today than in 1979 and that the changes in skill requirements have been most pronounced i...
• How shortening the potential duration of unemployment benefits affects the duration of unemployment: Evidence from a natural experiment AI翻译
  作者：van Ours, JC; Vodopivec, M
  作者单位：Tilburg University
  摘要：In this article we investigate the disincentive effects of shortening the potential duration of unemployment insurance ( UI) benefits. We identify these disincentive effects by exploiting changes in Slovenia's unemployment insurance system - a natural experiment that involved substantial reductions in the potential duration of benefits for four groups of workers plus no change in benefits for another group ( which served as a natural control). We find that the change had a positive effect on ...
• Immigrants and the labor market AI翻译
  作者：Smith, JP
  作者单位：RAND Corporation
  摘要：This article examines skill gaps between immigrants and native- born Americans and generational progress achieved by different immigrant ethnic groups. Evidence of a widening skill gap is not strong. While wage data show a pronounced fall in relative wages of recent immigrants, significant independent contributors to that decline are a widening age gap and the increasing price of skill. When attention shifts to legal migrants, the evidence is that legal migrants are, at a minimum, keeping up ...
• For better or forever: Formal versus informal enforcement AI翻译
  作者：Sobel, J
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：This article contrasts supporting partnerships through relational contracting and supporting partnerships through formal legal institutions. A large population of players interact in bilateral relationships. Efficiency requires cooperation, but cheating yields a higher short-term payoff. There is a positive probability that the maximum feasible payoff available to a partnership decreases. Opportunistic behavior makes it impossible to realize the efficient outcome. A legal system can lead to ef...
• Some contacts are more equal than others: Informal networks, job tenure, and wages AI翻译
  作者：Loury, LD
  作者单位：Tufts University
  摘要：The explanation typically given for longer tenure among workers who use informal contacts to find jobs is that relatives and friends reduce uncertainty about the quality of the match between worker and employer. An alternative explanation is that workers rely on informal information sources as a last resort. Such workers remain at their current jobs mainly because they have few alternative choices rather than because of better match quality. This article shows that the two different explanatio...