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作者：Ammermueller, Andreas; Pischke, Joern-Steffen
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We estimate peer effects for fourth graders in six European countries. The identification relies on variation across classes within schools, which we argue are formed roughly randomly. The estimates are much reduced within schools compared to the standard ordinary least squares (OLS) results. This could be explained either by selection into schools or by measurement error in the peer variable. Correcting for measurement error, we find within-school estimates close to the original OLS estimates...
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作者：Seitz, Shannon
作者单位：Boston College; Queens University - Canada
摘要：What can account for the differences in marriage and employment decisions across blacks and whites? To answer this question, I develop a dynamic, equilibrium model of marriage. Two explanations for the racial differences in behavior are considered: differences in population supplies and wages. Black-white differences in population supplies explain one-fifth of the difference in marriage rates and between one-fifth and one-third of the differences in employment rates across race. Removing the r...
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作者：Hanushek, Eric A.; Kain, John F.; Rivkin, Steven G.
作者单位：Stanford University; Amherst College; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Uncovering the effect of school racial composition is difficult because racial mixing is not accidental but instead an outcome of government and family choices. Using rich panel data on the achievement of Texas students, we disentangle racial composition effects from other aspects of school quality and from differences in abilities and family background. The estimates strongly indicate that a higher percentage of black schoolmates reduces achievement for blacks, while it implies a much smaller...
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作者：Marinescu, Ioana
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：Even in countries with high average job security, workers with low tenure typically enjoy very limited job protection. This study analyzes the impact of such a feature on job duration. It uses a 1999 British reform that increased job security for workers with 1-2 years of tenure. The firing hazard for these workers decreased by 26% relative to the hazard for workers with 2-4 years of tenure. The firing hazard for workers with 0-1 year of tenure also decreased by 19%, which is consistent with b...
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作者：Carrell, Scott E.; Fullerton, Richard L.; West, James E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; United States Department of Defense; United States Air Force; United States Air Force Academy
摘要：We estimate peer effects in college achievement using a data set in which individuals are exogenously assigned to peer groups of about 30 students with whom they are required to spend the majority of their time interacting. This feature enables us to estimate peer effects that are more comparable to changing the entire cohort of peers. Using this broad peer group, we measure academic peer effects of much larger magnitude than found in previous studies. The effects persist at a diminished rate ...
