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作者：Johnson, Matthew; Keane, Michael P.
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：We develop an equilibrium model of the US labor market, fit to Panel Study of Income Dynamics data from 1968-96. Our main innovation is a finer differentiation of types of labor than in prior work (i.e., by occupation, education, gender, and age). This lets us fit wage and employment patterns better than simpler models. We obtain a good fit to wages and occupational choices over the 29-year period while also explaining college attendance rates. We use the model to assess factors driving change...
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作者：Burke, Mary A.; Sass, Tim R.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Boston
摘要：We analyze the impact of classroom peers' ability (measured by their individual fixed effects) on student achievement for all Florida public school students in grades 3-10 over a 6-year period. We control for both student and teacher fixed effects, thereby alleviating biases due to endogenous assignment of both peers and teachers. Under linear-in-means specifications, estimated peer effects are small to nonexistent, but we find some sizable and significant peer effects within nonlinear models....
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作者：Black, Sandra E.; Devereux, Paul J.; Salvanes, Kjell G.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University College Dublin; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Teenage peers are perceived as being important, but there is little conclusive evidence demonstrating this. This paper uses data on the population of Norway and idiosyncratic variation in cohort composition within schools to examine the role of peer composition in ninth grade on longer-run outcomes such as IQ scores, teenage childbearing, education, and labor market outcomes. We find that outcomes are influenced by the proportion of females in the grade, and these effects differ by gender. Ave...
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作者：Boyd, Donald; Lankford, Hamilton; Loeb, Susanna; Wyckoff, James
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY; Stanford University; University of Virginia
摘要：This article uses a game-theoretic, two-sided matching model and method of simulated moments estimation to study factors affecting the match of elementary teachers to their first jobs. We find that employers demonstrate preferences for teachers having stronger academic achievement (e.g., attended a more selective college) and for teachers living in closer proximity to the school. Teachers show preferences for schools that are closer geographically, are suburban, have a smaller proportion of st...
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作者：Brunello, Giorgio; Fabbri, Daniele; Fort, Margherita
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Bologna
摘要：We adopt a multi-country setup to show that years of schooling have a causal protective effect on the body mass index of females living in nine European countries. No such effect is found for males. The protective effect for European females is not negligible but is smaller than one recently found for the United States and stronger among overweight females. We discuss possible mechanisms justifying both the protective role of education and the gender difference in this role. We argue that the ...
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作者：Giuliano, Laura
作者单位：University of Miami
摘要：Using personnel data from a large US retail firm, I examine the firm's response to the 1996 federal minimum wage increase. Compulsory increases in average wages had negative but statistically insignificant effects on overall employment. However, increases in the relative wages of teenagers led to significant increases in the relative employment of teenagers, especially younger and more affluent teenagers. Further analysis suggests a pattern consistent with noncompetitive models. Where the legi...
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作者：Heywood, John S.; Parent, Daniel
