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作者：Dauth, Wolfgang; Findeisen, Sebastian; Suedekum, Jens
作者单位：University of Wurzburg; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); University of Konstanz; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf
摘要：We study the impact of trade exposure on the job biographies of 2.4 million manufacturing workers in Germany. Rising export opportunities lead to two equally important sources of earnings gains: on the job and employer switches within the same industry. Highly skilled workers benefit the most. Import shocks mostly hurt low-skilled workers, especially when they possess lots of industry-specific human capital. They also destroy workers' rents when separating from high-wage plants, and they leave...
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作者：Mulhern, Christine
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Choosing where to apply to college is a complex problem with long-term consequences, but many students lack the guidance necessary to make optimal choices. I show that a technology that provides low-cost personalized college admissions information to more than 40% of high schoolers significantly alters college choices. Students shift applications and attendance to colleges for which they can observe information on schoolmates' admissions experiences. Responses are largest when such information...
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作者：Fortin, Nicole M.; Lemieux, Thomas; Lloyd, Neil
作者单位：University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper examines the role of spillover effects of minimum wages and threat effects of unionization in changes in wage inequality in the United States between 1979 and 2017. A distribution regression framework is introduced to estimate both types of spillover effects. Threat effects double the contribution of deunionization to the increase in male wage inequality. Spillover effects magnify the explanatory power of declining minimum wages to two-thirds of the increase in inequality at the bot...
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作者：DiNardo, John; Matsudaira, Jordan; McCrary, Justin; Sanbonmatsu, Lisa
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Survey nonresponse and attrition undermine the validity of many and possibly most econometric estimates. We propose that survey administrators and evaluators proactively create an instrument for observation, for example, by ex ante randomizing participants to differing intensity of follow-up. We illustrate how to apply our proposed methodology using a carefully conducted randomized controlled trial, the Moving to Opportunity demonstration project, which de facto randomly assigned a subset of s...
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作者：Bijkerk, Suzanne H.; Dominguez-Martinez, Silvia; Kamphorst, Jurjen; Swank, Otto H.
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Amsterdam
摘要：We analyze the consequences of labor market quotas for the wages of women in high-level positions. Labor market quotas create uncertainty about the reason a woman is promoted. Firms know whether they promoted female employees because of the quota or their ability; their competitors do not. A winner's curse, reducing competition for women in high-level positions, results. This widens the gender pay gap for these women. Ex ante, women are better off without quotas. Next we investigate how quotas...
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作者：Abraham, Katharine G.; Haltiwanger, John C.; Hou, Claire; Sandusky, Kristin; Spletzer, James R.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Good information on self-employment is needed to inform the ongoing discussion of the rise of the gig economy and its implications for workers. Tax data show significant growth in self-employment not captured in the Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey (CPS-ASEC). The growing gap reflects both self-employment in tax data missing from the CPS-ASEC and self-employment misreported as wage and salary work. We document consistent patterns in the discrepancies betwe...
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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Mogstad, Magne; Mountjoy, Jack
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Statistics Norway
摘要：We study the impacts of a major reform to vocational secondary education that aimed to move beyond the trade-off between providing occupational skills and closing off academic opportunities. Norway's Reform 94 integrated more general education into the vocational track, offered vocational students a pathway to college, and increased access to apprenticeships. We identify reform impacts through a difference-in-discontinuity research design applied to linked population registries. The reform sub...
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作者：Blom, Erica; Cadena, Brian C.; Keys, Benjamin J.
作者单位：Urban Institute; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：How does personal exposure to economic conditions affect individual human capital investment choices? Focusing on bachelor's degree recipients, we find that cohorts exposed to higher unemployment rates during typical schooling years select majors that earn higher wages, have better employment prospects, and lead to work in a related field. Conditional on expected earnings, recessions also encourage women to enter male-dominated fields, and students of both genders pursue more difficult majors....
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作者：Gopalan, Radhakrishnan; Hamilton, Barton H.; Kalda, Ankit; Sovich, David
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University of Kentucky
摘要：We use administrative payroll data to estimate the effect of the minimum wage on employment and wages. We find that both effects are nuanced. While the overall number of low-wage workers in firms declines, incumbent workers are no less likely to remain employed. We find that firms reduce employment primarily through hiring, and there is significant heterogeneity across the nontradable and tradable sectors. For wages, we find modest spillovers extending up to $2.50 above the minimum wage. Spill...
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作者：McConnell, Brendon; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of London; University College London
摘要：We investigate whether increased animosity toward Muslims after 9/11 had spillover effects on Black and Hispanic individuals in the federal criminal justice system. Using linked administrative data tracking defendants from arrest through sentencing, we find that after 9/11, sentence and presentence outcomes for Hispanic defendants significantly worsened. Outcomes for Black defendants were unchanged. The findings are consistent with judges and prosecutors displaying social preferences character...
