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作者：Cotton, Christopher S. S.; Hickman, Brent R. R.; Price, Joseph P. P.
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Washington University (WUSTL); Brigham Young University
摘要：We conduct a field experiment paying students according to relative performance on a mathematics exam and tracking study efforts on a mathematics website to test the incentive effects of affirmative action (AA) policies on study effort and math proficiency. AA increases study effort and exam performance for the majority of disadvantaged students targeted by the policy. While the performance of the highest-ability students targeted by the AA policy declines, on average study activity and exam p...
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作者：Arcidiacono, Peter; Kinsler, Josh; Ransom, Tyler
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We use public documents from the Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard University lawsuit to examine admissions preferences for recruited athletes, legacies, those on the dean's interest list, and children of faculty and staff (ALDCs). More than 43% of white admits are ALDC; the share for African American, Asian American, and Hispanics is less than 16%. Our model of admissions shows that roughly three-quarters of white ALDC admits would have been rejected absent their ALDC status. Removing p...
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作者：Bar-Isaac, Heski; Levy, Raphael
作者单位：University of Toronto; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris
摘要：Firms have discretion over task allocations, which may dampen employees' career prospects and, hence, their motivation. Task assignments and worker motivation interact through the extent of labor market competition-that is, the possibility of moving to another firm. More competition enhances motivation but decreases firms' incentives to assign workers to informative tasks. One consequence is that competitive firms sometimes choose strategies that lead to intermediate competition. When the empl...
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作者：Tan, Hui Ren
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：How widespread are social network effects? To answer this, I introduce a page-based approach for identifying individuals living in close proximity and compare how the propensity to work in the same industry varies among worker pairs residing in the same versus different areas. Across the 70 largest cities in the early twentieth-century United States, those from the same area are more likely to work in the same industry. On average, the increase in propensity is around 14%-20% of the baseline m...
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作者：Lavy, Victor; Kott, Assaf; Rachkovski, Genia
作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National Bureau of Economic Research; Brown University; Northwestern University
摘要：We analyze the long-term effects of a high school remedial education program almost two decades after its implementation. Treated students experienced an 11% increase in completed years of postsecondary schooling, a 4% increase in annual earnings, and a significant increase in intergenerational income mobility. These gains reflect improvement of students mainly from below-median-income families. We conclude that the program had gains beyond the short-term significant improvements in high schoo...
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作者：Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Johnson, Matthew S.; Stephens, Melvin, Jr.; Lee, Do Q.
作者单位：Yale University; Duke University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; New York University
摘要：We investigate how demand conditions affect employers' provision of safety-something about which theory is ambivalent. Positive demand shocks relax financial constraints that limit safety investment but simultaneously raise the opportunity cost of increasing safety rather than production. We study the US metals mining sector, leveraging exogenous demand shocks from short-term variation in global commodity prices. We find that positive price shocks substantially increase workplace injury rates ...
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作者：Weinstein, Russell
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：I show that firm location decisions create barriers to accessing high-wage employers for students at distant universities. I collect office locations and campus recruiting strategies for more than 70 banking and consulting firms from 2000 to 2013. After firms open an office, students at nearby universities are nearly four times more likely to have on-campus access to the firm. Access increases for universities across a wide range of selectivity. Additional data from universities, LinkedIn, and...
