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作者：An, Lei; Qin, Yu; Wu, Jing; You, Wei
作者单位：Chongqing University; National University of Singapore; Peking University; Tsinghua University
摘要：We study how a significant relaxation of internal migration restrictions affects labor market outcomes of incumbent migrants and natives, exploiting the 2014 hukou reform in China, which substantially removed the migration barriers of cities with an urban population below 5 million (nonmegacities). Using a difference-in-differences method, we find that migrants' wages in nonmegacities experienced approximately a 2.6%-7.9% decline relative to that in megacities after the policy. The policy had ...
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作者：Salvanes, Kjell G.; Willage, Barton; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado Denver
摘要：Economic shocks occur frequently and may cause individuals to reevaluate key life decisions in ways that have lasting consequences for themselves and the broader economy. These decisions are tied to life stages, and the effect of economic shocks may differ depending on when they occur. We exploit exogenous job separations to study the impact of adverse shocks across the life cycle on labor market outcomes and major life decisions: education, mobility, family structure, and retirement. We find ...
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作者：Lochner, Benjamin; Schulz, Bastian
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Aarhus University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We study the link between firm productivity and the wages that firms pay. Guided by a search-matching model with large firms, worker and firm heterogeneity, and production complementarities, we infer firm productivity by estimating firm-level production functions. Using German data, we find that the most productive firms do not pay the highest wages. Worker transitions from high- to medium-productivity firms are on average associated with wage gains. Productivity sorting-that is, the sorting o...
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作者：Boehm, Michael J.; von Gaudecker, Hans-Martin; Schran, Felix
作者单位：Dortmund University of Technology; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Bonn
摘要：We study the relationship among occupational employment, occupational wages, and wage inequality. In all occupations, entrants and leavers earn less than stayers, suggesting negative selection effects for growing occupations and positive effects for shrinking ones. We estimate a model of occupational prices and skills that includes specific skill accumulation and endogenous switching. Contrary to uncorrected wages, prices and employment growth are positively related. Forty percent of selection...
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作者：Rim, Nayoung; Rivera, Roman; Kiss, Andrea; Ba, Bocar
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; United States Naval Academy; Columbia University; Carnegie Mellon University; Duke University
摘要：There is evidence showing racial bias in firms' hiring decisions, but less is known about bias in career recognition. We construct a dataset from the second-largest US police department to estimate the Black-white gap in award nominations. Leveraging institutional features, we find that white supervisors are less likely to nominate Black officers conditional on work performance. This appears to be driven by supervisor bias in advocacy decisions rather than statistical discrimination. Given the...
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作者：Massenkoff, Maxim; Wilmers, Nathan
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：From 1970 to 2000, worker participation in strikes decreased by 90%. We show that strikers also experienced worse outcomes after 1981. Evidence from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics suggests that strikers enjoyed 5%-10% wage gains before the 1980s but null wage changes thereafter. Additional analyses of other survey data and collective bargaining agreements reinforce the finding that strikes since the 1980s have not been associated with increases in wages, hours, or benefits. We attribute th...
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作者：Abramitzky, Ran; Lavy, Victor; Segev, Maayan
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We study the impact of financial incentives on higher education decisions and the choice of major. We rely on a reform whereby Israeli kibbutzim shifted from their traditional policy of equal sharing to productivity-based wages, using for identification the staggered implementation of this reform. In this setting of very low initial returns to education, we find that the dramatic increase in the rate of return and its sharp variation across fields of study led to a large increase in the probab...
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作者：Thomas, James
摘要：This paper empirically analyzes how universities decide which courses to offer and the implications of these decisions for students. At a sample university, course offerings significantly impact student course choices and implicitly sacrifice student utility to increase enrollment in STEM and business and occupational courses. This is because new course sections in these fields have slightly smaller effects on student utility and cost substantially more than new offerings in other fields. The ...
