Bulk hexagonal diamond

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Lai, Shoulong; Yang, Xigui; Shi, Jiuyang; Liu, Shijie; Guo, Ying; Yan, Longbin; Zang, Jinhao; Zhang, Zhuangfei; Jia, Qiuhan; Sun, Jian; Cheng, Shaobo; Shan, Chongxin
• 署名单位: Zhengzhou University; Nanjing University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures (CICAM); Henan University of Science & Technology; Henan University of Science & Technology
• 刊物名称: NATURE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-0836; 1476-4687
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10212-4
• 发表日期: 2026-03-19
• 关键词: POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND; high-pressure; graphite; TRANSFORMATION; LONSDALEITE; carbon; phase; nucleation; polymorph; mechanism

摘要

Known as the 'ultimate semiconductor', cubic diamond (CD) has gained substantial interest both scientifically and industrially. Its polymorph, hexagonal diamond (HD), is even more intriguing because of its fascinating properties associated with the meteorite impacts1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7-8. As no solid experimental evidence has been provided to prove its existence, the physical properties of HD remain largely unexplored. Here we report the synthesis of millimetre-sized, phase-pure HD from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) compressed along the c-axis at elevated temperatures. Combining advanced structural characterizations and theoretical simulations, we confirm the identity of HD and clarify the transformation pathway from graphite. Bulk HD exhibits a slightly higher hardness than CD and high thermal stability. These findings resolve the long-standing controversy on the existence of HD as a discrete carbon phase and provide new insight into the graphite-to-diamond phase transition, paving the way for future research and practical use of HD in advanced technological applications.