Modeling the dynamics of aeolian meter-scale bedforms induced by bed heterogeneities

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Rambert, Camille; Nield, Joanna M.; Narteau, Clement; Delorme, Pauline; Wiggs, Giles F. S.; Baddock, Matthew C.; Best, Jim; Christensen, Kenneth T.; Claudin, Philippe
• 署名单位: Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Cite; Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Southampton; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); University of Oxford; Loughborough University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Colorado System; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado Anschutz; University of Colorado Denver
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-8424; 1091-6490
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2426143122
• 发表日期: 2025-05-16
• 页码: e2426143122
• 关键词: sediment transport; heterogeneous beds; ephemeral bedforms; dune emergence; SAND TRANSPORT; saltating particles; field evidence; barchan dunes; wind; initiation; velocity; slope; water

摘要

Desert surfaces are typically nonuniform, with individual sand dunes generally surrounded by gravel or nonerodible beds. Similarly, beaches vary in composition and moisture that enhances cohesion between the grains. These bed heterogeneities affect the aeolian transport properties greatly and can then influence the emergence and dynamics of bedforms. Here, we propose a model that describes how, due to transport capacity being greater on consolidated than erodible beds, patches of sand can grow, migrate, and spread to form bedforms with meter-scale length. Our approach has a quantitative agreement with high-resolution spatiotemporal observations, where conventional theory would predict the disappearance of these small bedforms. A crucial component of the model is that the transport capacity does not instantly change from one bed configuration to another. Instead, transport capacity develops over a certain distance, which thereby determines the short-term evolution of the bedform. The model predicts various stages in the development of these meter-scale bedforms, and explains how the evolution of bed elevation profiles observed in the field depends on the duration of the wind event and the intensity of the incoming sand flux. Our study thus sheds light on the initiation and dynamics of early-stage bedforms by establishing links between surface properties, emerging sand patterns, and protodunes, commonly observed in coastal and desert landscapes.