Simple biological controllers drive the evolution of soft modes
成果类型：
Article
署名作者：
Russo, Christopher Joel; Husain, Kabir; Ranganathan, Rama; Pincus, David; Murugan, Arvind
署名单位：
University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of London; University College London; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of Chicago
刊物名称：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ISSN/ISSBN：
0027-8424; 1091-6490
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2523032123
发表日期：
2026-04-28
页码：
e2523032123
关键词：
soft modes
Dimensionality Reduction
stress response
protein
allostery
dimensionality
evolvability
Robustness
regulator
capacitor
DYNAMICS
origins
hsp90
摘要：
Biological systems, with many interacting components, face high-dimensional environmental fluctuations, ranging from diverse nutrient deprivations to toxins, drugs, and physical stresses. Yet, many biological control mechanisms are simple, i.e., restoring homeostasis through low-dimensional representations of the system's high dimensional state. How do low-dimensional controllers maintain homeostasis in high-dimensional systems? We develop an analytically tractable model of integral feedback for complex systems in fluctuating environments. We find that selection for homeostasis leads to the emergence of a soft mode that provides the dimensionality reduction required for the functioning of simple controllers. Our theory predicts that simple controllers that buffer environmental perturbations (e.g., stress response pathways) will also buffer mutational perturbation, an equivalence we test using experimental data across 5,000 strains in the yeast knockout collection. We also predict, counterintuitively, that knocking out a simple controller will decrease the dimensionality of the response to environmental change; we outline transcriptomics tests to validate this. Our work suggests an evolutionary origin of soft modes, with implications ranging from cryptic genetic variation to global epistasis.
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