Declining coral calcification to enhance twenty- first- century ocean carbon uptake by gigatonnes

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Kwiatkowski, Lester; Planchat, Alban; Pyolle, Marc; Torres, Olivier; Bouttes, Nathaelle; Courte, Adrien; Bopp, Laurent
• 署名单位: University of Bern; University of Bern; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Ecole Polytechnique; CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Universite PSL; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Sorbonne Universite; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Ecole Polytechnique; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CEA; Universite de Bretagne Occidentale; Ifremer; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-8424; 1091-6490
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2501562122
• 发表日期: 2025-06-10
• 页码: e2501562122
• 关键词: coral reef; carbon; climate; feedback; calcification; GREENHOUSE-GAS CONCENTRATIONS; earth system models; community metabolism; CLIMATE-CHANGE; phase-shifts; alkalinity; reefs; acidification; EXTENSIONS; emissions

摘要

The sensitivity of coral reefs to climate change is well established. As the oceans warm and acidify, the calcification of coral reefs declines with net calcium carbonate dissolution projected under even moderate emissions trajectories. The impact of this on the global carbon cycle is however yet to be accounted for. Here, we use a synthesis of the sensitivity of coral reef calcification to climate change, alongside reef distribution products to estimate alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes resulting from reductions in reef calcification. Using a global ocean biogeochemical model, we simulate the impact on ocean carbon uptake under different emissions scenarios, accounting for uncertainty in present- day calcification rates. Reductions in net coral reef carbonate production can enhance the ocean carbon sink by ocean carbon uptake up to 13% greater by 2300 (7% median estimate). Our findings indicate that accounting for the coral reef feedback in projections will increase estimates of the remaining carbon budget associated with global warming thresholds, as well as the likelihood that net zero emissions can be achieved without negative emissions.