Lithographic crystallinity regulation in additive fabrication of thermoplastics (CRAFT)

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Commisso, Alex J.; Nagel, Eric M.; Kiker, Meghan T.; Recker, Elizabeth A.; Bischoff, Adam; Holzmann, Michael J.; Fowler, Hayden E.; Pham, Minh Nhat; Nguyen, Chi Phuong H.; Baca, Esteban; Villanueva, Hernan; Almada, Nirvana T.; Mason, Keldy S.; Jolowsky, Claire; Suman, Guddi; Fritzsching, Keith J.; Kaehr, Bryan; Schwartz, Johanna J.; Appelhans, Leah N.; Jones, Brad H.; Sample, Caitlin S.; Roach, Devin J.; Page, Zachariah A.; Leguizamon, Samuel C.
• 署名单位: United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Oregon State University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Savannah River National Laboratory
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.aeb3637
• 发表日期: 2026-01-29
• 页码: 511-516
• 关键词: opening metathesis polymerization; OLEFIN METATHESIS; complexes; catalysts; POLY(CYCLOOCTENE); photodissociation; ROMP

摘要

For semicrystalline polyolefin thermoplastics, the balance between interconnected ordered crystalline and disordered amorphous regions is paramount to their performance and processability. However, contemporary manufacturing strategies, from injection molding to three-dimensional (3D) printing, result in monolithic objects, unable to spatially encode crystallinity. We develop a light-based approach for fabricating mechanically robust polyolefin thermoplastics with microscopic control over crystallinity in 3D space. Light dosage governs polymer stereochemistry giving access to a continuum of materials, from strong rigid plastics, such as high-density polyethylene, to more extensible materials akin to low-density polyethylene, all at the flick of a switch. Leveraging this finding in lithographic grayscale 3D printing enables rapid multimaterial fabrication with voxel-level control over optical and mechanical properties, opening avenues in information storage, soft robotics, and energy damping.