An unrecognized mode of small particles in the lower stratosphere

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Lyu, Ming; Ahern, Adam T.; Schill, Gregory P.; Lawler, Michael J.; Murphy, Daniel M.; Taylor, Samuel J.; Fodel, Anthony; Abou-Ghanem, Maya; Gurganus, Colin; Zhu, Yunqian; Tilmes, Simone; Ray, Eric; Thornberry, Troy D.; Gao, Ru-Shan; Hintsa, Eric J.; Moore, Fred; Dutton, Geoff; Nance, David; Hall, Brad; Rollins, Andrew W.; Waxman, Eleanor M.; Zuraski, Kristen; Diskin, Glenn S.; Choi, Yonghoon; Pierce, R. Bradley; Weinzierl, Bernadett; Kuderna, Florian; Dollner, Maximilian; Jensen, Eric; Brock, Charles A.
• 署名单位: University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Langley Research Center; Analytical Mechanics Associates; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Vienna
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adw8939
• 发表日期: 2026-04-23
• 页码: eadw8939
• 关键词: in-situ measurements; AEROSOL-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; cloud condensation nuclei; TRACE GAS MEASUREMENTS; SAGE-II; MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; upper troposphere; METEORIC MATERIAL; nucleation; layer

摘要

Analysis of recent in situ data reveals a persistent mode of organic-rich aerosol particles in the stratosphere below 19 kilometers at nitrous oxide (N2O) > 270 parts per billion by volume, with a number geometric mean diameter of similar to 0.03 to 0.11 mu m (0.08 to 0.2 mu m in surface and 0.11 to 0.3 mu m in volume). This mode, composed mostly of organic-rich particles transported from the troposphere, is poorly sensed by satellites and most balloon-borne optical measurements but dominates the surface area for heterogeneous reactions and the sink for condensable vapors. These small particles grow in size and decrease in concentration as they mix with older stratospheric air. A global chemistry-climate model fails to replicate the characteristics of these particles, suggesting that model improvements are necessary for accurate assessment of proposed geoengineering efforts.