Apparent Hack's law in river deltas

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Dong, Tian Y.; Vulis, Lawrence; Ma, Hongbo; Tejedor, Alejandro; Goudge, Timothy A.
• 署名单位: University of Texas System; University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Zaragoza; University of Zaragoza; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
• 刊物名称: SCIENCE
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.ady6805
• 发表日期: 2026-04-30
• 页码: 493-498
• 关键词: CHANNEL NETWORKS; STUDYING CONNECTIVITY; morphology; transport; FRAMEWORK; sediment; DYNAMICS; patterns; IMPACT

摘要

River deltas are densely populated, ecologically vital landscapes threatened by rising sea levels. Distributary channel networks disperse sediment to build deltaic land, yet the relationship between the network organization and land building remains elusive. Inspired by Hack's law, which shows that watershed drainage area scales with channel length in tributary networks, we analyzed a global dataset of distributary networks and found a nearly identical scaling relationship between distributary channel length and nourishment area, the land-building counterpart to drainage area. Despite this apparent global scaling, we further identified two distinct local land-building patterns: uniform delta networks consistently follow Hack's law, whereas composite delta networks exhibit a scale break, transitioning from space-filling growth around the delta apex to quasi-linear growth near the coast. The unexpected growth patterns suggest that global simplicity and local variability coexist in how river deltas grow and organize.