Distributional Growth Accounting: Education and the Reduction of Global Poverty, 1980-2019*

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Gethin, Amory
• 署名单位: The World Bank
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• DOI: 10.1093/qje/qjaf033
• 发表日期: 2025
• 关键词: human-capital stock; INVESTMENTS EVIDENCE; SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION; income inequality; technical change; WORLD; returns; attainment; fertility; wages

摘要

This article quantifies the role played by education in the reduction of global poverty. I propose tools for identifying the contribution of schooling to economic growth by income group, integrating imperfect substitution between skill groups into a macroeconomic growth decomposition. I bring this distributional growth accounting framework to the data by exploiting a new microdatabase representative of nearly all of the world's population, new estimates of the private returns to schooling, and historical income distribution statistics. Education can account for about 45% of global economic growth and 60% of pretax income growth among the world's poorest 20% from 1980 to 2019. A significant fraction of these gains was made possible by skill-biased technical change amplifying the returns to education. Because they ignore the distributional effects of schooling, standard growth accounting methods substantially underestimate economic benefits of education for the global poor.