Are Anxious Workers Less Productive Workers? It Depends on the Quality of Social Exchange

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: McCarthy, Julie M.; Trougakos, John P.; Cheng, Bonnie Hayden
• 署名单位: University of Toronto; University Toronto Scarborough; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0021-9010
• DOI: 10.1037/apl0000044
• 发表日期: 2016
• 页码: 279-291
• 关键词: workplace anxiety; EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION; Job performance; social exchange; cognitive interference

摘要

In this article, we draw from Conservation of Resources Theory to advance and test a framework which predicts that emotional exhaustion plays an explanatory role underlying the relation between workplace anxiety and job performance. Further, we draw from social exchange theories to predict that leader-member exchange and coworker exchange will mitigate the harmful effects of anxiety on job performance. Findings across a 3-wave study of police officers supported our model. Emotional exhaustion mediated the link between workplace anxiety and job performance, over and above the effect of cognitive interference. Further, coworker exchange mitigated the positive relation between anxiety and emotional exhaustion, while leader-member exchange mitigated the negative relation between emotional exhaustion and job performance. This study elucidates the effects of workplace anxiety on resource depletion via emotional exhaustion and highlights the value of drawing on social resources to offset the potentially harmful effects of workplace anxiety on job performance.