Explaining how survivors respond to downsizing: The roles of trust, empowerment, justice, and work redesign

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Mishra, AK; Spreitzer, GM
• 署名单位: Wake Forest University; Michigan State University; University of Southern California
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0363-7425
• DOI: 10.2307/259295
• 发表日期: 1998
• 页码: 567-588
• 关键词: job loss; procedural justice; PERSONAL CONTROL; layoffs; MODEL; Loyalty; neglect; VOICE; EXIT; insecurity

摘要

In this article we develop a stress-based framework of survivors' responses to downsizing. First, we synthesize prior research findings into a typology of survivor responses delineated by two underlying dimensions: constructive/destructive and active/passive. Drawing on Lazarus's theory of stress, we then posit that how survivors appraise the downsizing will shape their responses to it. We argue that trust and justice influence primary appraisal and facilitate more constructive responses because they reduce the extent to which organizational downsizing is evaluated as a threat. Likewise, we argue that empowerment and work redesign influence secondary appraisal and facilitate more active responses because they enhance survivors assessments of their capacity to cope with the threat. Finally, we discuss contributions of the framework and implications for research and practice.