A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON GENDER BIAS IN THE UPPER ECHELONS: WHY STAKEHOLDER VARIABILITY MATTERS

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Joshi, Aparna; Oh, Soojin; Desjardine, Mark
• 署名单位: Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Hong Kong; Dartmouth College
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0363-7425
• DOI: 10.5465/amr.2021.0131
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 322-343
• 关键词: OUTCOME DEPENDENCY; INDIVIDUATING INFORMATION; corporate governance; UNIVERSAL DIMENSIONS; positive stereotypes; IMPRESSION-FORMATION; METAANALYTIC TEST; social cognition; CEO succession; JOB DEMANDS

摘要

We introduce a novel stakeholder -oriented framework that highlights variance in the application and expression of gender bias in the upper echelons. Directed by their relationship with the firm ' s leadership, we theorize that stakeholders ' appraisals of top female leaders map onto a categorical and complex continuum. At the categorical end of this continuum, stakeholders neither have access nor are attentive to capability cues from the leader, increasing their reliance on stereotypes and gender biases in their leader evaluations. At the complex end of the continuum, stakeholders have access and are attentive to capability cues from the leader, decreasing their reliance on stereotypes and increasing their ability to accurately evaluate the leader. Between these ends, stakeholders evaluate female leaders by applying stereotypes and striving for accuracy to varying degrees. Each region on this continuum is linked to an array of behavioral responses, directed by stakeholders toward a target leader, that differ in valence and intensity. Our framework has significant implications for understanding a variety of social biases beyond gender, and enables the development of tailored strategies that can be used to facilitate accurate leader evaluations by all stakeholders.